Rig Veda 10.31.6: Mandala 10, Sukta 31, Mantra 6

Sukta 10.31

Rishi: Kavaṣa Ailūṣa (traditional; uncertain)

Devata: Asura as sovereign source-power; also the Cow as Light/Knowledge (symbolic devatā-function rather than a named god)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्येदेषा सुमतिः पप्रथानाभवत्पूर्व्या भूमना गौः । अस्य सनीळा असुरस्य योनौ समान आ भरणे बिभ्रमाणाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.31.6

Transliteration

asyéd eṣā́ su-matíḥ paprathānā́ ábhavat pū́rvyā bhū́manā gáuḥ | asyá sa-nīḷā ásurasya yónau samāné ā́ bháraṇe bíbhramāṇāḥ ||

Translation

Indeed, this right-mindedness of his has spread out; the Cow—ancient in her vastness—has come into being. In the same bearing, established together in the womb of the Asura, they carry (the one work) in harmony.

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Word by Word

• अस्य: of this (one)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य

• इद्: indeed, just
• इद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (निपात)

• एषा: this (f.)
• एषा: कर्तृ (of ‘अभवत्’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुमतिः: good thought; good counsel; favor
• सुमतिः: कर्तृ/विशेष्य (apposition to एषा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु- + मति (प्रातिपदिक: मति)

• पप्रथाना: having spread, expanded
• पप्रथाना: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifies सुमतिः)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √प्रथ् (प्रथते/प्रथयति) → पप्रथान (कृदन्त)

• अभवत्: became; came to be
• अभवत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति)

• पूर्व्या: former, primeval
• पूर्व्या: विशेषण (of गौः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूमना: by greatness; in abundance
• भूमना: करण/हेतु (instrumental: ‘by/with abundance, greatness’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• गौः: the Cow (often: dawn/light/cosmic cow)
• गौः: कर्तृ (of ‘अभवत्’; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्य: of this (one)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य

• सनीळाः: sharing the same nest/seat; co-dwelling
• सनीळाः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifies बिभ्रमाणाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स- + नीळ (प्रातिपदिक: नीळ ‘nest, seat, abode’)

• असुरस्य: of the Asura (lordly being)
• असुरस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive with योनौ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)

• योनौ: in the womb; in the source/origin
• योनौ: अधिकरण (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि (प्रातिपदिक)

• समानाः: equal; together; of one kind
• समानाः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (of बिभ्रमाणाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• भरणे: in the bearing/support; in the carrying
• भरणे: अधिकरण (in/at the bearing, support; in the act/place of bearing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरण (प्रातिपदिक; from √भृ ‘to bear/carry’)

• बिभ्रमाणाः: bearing/carrying; moving about
• बिभ्रमाणाः: कर्तृ (main agent of implied action; ‘they, bearing/moving’)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √भ्रम्/√भ्रम् (भ्रमति ‘to move/roam’; Vedic also ‘to bear/hold’ in some contexts) → बिभ्रमान (कृदन्त)