Rig Veda 1.113.12 — Mandala 1, Sukta 113, Mantra 12
Sukta 1.113
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditionally for RV 1.113)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यावयद्द्वेषा ऋतपा ऋतेजाः सुम्नावरी सूनृता ईरयन्ती । सुमङ्गलीर्बिभ्रती देववीतिमिहाद्योषः श्रेष्ठतमा व्युच्छ ॥
Transliteration
yāvayád dveṣā ṛtapā́ ṛtejā́ḥ sumnāvarī sūnṛ́tā īráyantī | sumáṅgalīr bíbh ratī devávītim ihā́dyóṣaḥ śréṣṭhatamā vyùccha ||
Translation
Driving away hatred, a guardian of ṛta and born of ṛta, bringing the coverings of grace, she sets the true speech in motion. Bearing auspicious harmonies and the way of the gods, O Dawn most excellent, dawn here today.
Word by Word
यावयत्drove away, dispelled
यावयत्:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया) / Uṣas-कर्तृक
TypeVerb
Rootयावय (यु/यौ धातु-प्रेरणे; caus.)
द्वेषःhatred, hostility
द्वेषः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वेष (प्रातिपदिक) / द्विष् (धातु)
ऋतपाdrinker/guardian of ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतपा:
Kartā (विशेषण) / Uṣas
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-पा (समास; ‘ऋत’ + ‘पा’)
ऋतेजाःborn of ṛta, sprung from truth/order
ऋतेजाः:
Kartā (विशेषण) / Uṣas
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-जा (समास; ‘ऋत’ + ‘जा’)
सुम्नावरीrich in favor/blessing
सुम्नावरी:
Kartā (विशेषण) / Uṣas
TypeAdjective
Rootसुम्न-वरी (समास; ‘सुम्न’ + ‘वरी’)
सूनृताtrue/pleasant speech, gracious utterance
सूनृता:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूनृता (प्रातिपदिक)
ईरयन्तीsetting in motion, sending forth
ईरयन्ती:
Kartā (सहायक क्रिया/भाव) / Uṣas
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootईरय् (caus. of ईर्/इर् ‘to set in motion, raise’)
सुमङ्गलीःauspicious, bringing good fortune
सुमङ्गलीः:
Kartā (विशेषण) / attendant rays
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-मङ्गली (समास; ‘सु’ + ‘मङ्गली’)
बिभ्रतीbearing, carrying
बिभ्रती:
Kartā (सहायक क्रिया) / Uṣas
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootभृ (धातु) → बिभ्रत्
देववीतिम्the gods’ pursuit/way; divine course (of worship/approach)
देववीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-वीति (समास; ‘देव’ + ‘वीति’)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
उषःDawn (Uṣas)
उषः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रेष्ठतमाmost excellent
श्रेष्ठतमा:
Kartā (विशेषण) / Uṣas
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ-तम (superlative)
विapart, forth
वि:
(क्रियाविशेषक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
उच्छshine forth, dawn
उच्छ:
Kriyā (आह्वान) / addressed to Uṣas
TypeVerb
Rootवस्/उष् (धातु ‘to shine’) with preverb वि-; Vedic injunctive/imperative stem उच्छ-
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