Valmiki Ramayana 1.32.2: Bala Kanda, Sarga 32, Shloka 2

कुशवंशवर्णनम्

The Line of Kuśa and the Disfigurement of Kuśanābha’s Daughters by Vāyu

Devanagari script

स महात्मा कुलीनायां युक्तायां सुगुणोल्बणान्।वैदर्भ्यां जनयामास चतुरस्सदृशान् सुतान्।।।।कुशाम्बं कुशनाभं च अधूर्तरजसं वसुम्।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.32.2

Transliteration

sa mahātmā kulīnāyāṃ yuktāyāṃ suguṇolbaṇān |

vaidarbhyāṃ janayāmāsa caturas sadṛśān sutān || 1.32.2 ||

kuśāmbaṃ kuśanābhaṃ ca adhūrtarajasaṃ vasum |

Translation

اس مہاتما نے ویدربھ کی ایک شریف النسل، موزوں اور بلند صفات والی راجکماری کے ساتھ یُگت ہو کر اپنے ہی مانند، فضیلتوں سے بھرپور چار بیٹے پیدا کیے: کشامب، کوشنابھ، اَدھورتَرجس اور وسو۔

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Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/Nominative), एकवचन

• महात्मा: the great-souled one
• महात्मा: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/Nominative), एकवचन; epithet

• कुलीनायाम्: in a noble (lady)
• कुलीनायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुलीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/Locative), एकवचन; qualifying implied स्त्री/भार्या

• युक्तायाम्: in (one) suitable
• युक्तायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युक्त (कृदन्त; √युज् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/Locative), एकवचन; ‘suitable/fit’ qualifying same noun as कुलीनायाम्

• सुगुणोल्बणान्: abounding in virtues
• सुगुणोल्बणान्: Karma (कर्म) (of जनयामास)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + गुण + उल्बण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), बहुवचन; ‘abounding in good qualities’

• वैदर्भ्याम्: by the Vidarbha princess
• वैदर्भ्याम्: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदर्भी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by/through the Vidarbha princess’ (mother)

• जनयामास: begot
• जनयामास: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु) (causative)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative stem जनय-; ‘begot/caused to be born’

• चतुरः: four
• चतुरः: Visheshana (विशेषण) of सुतान्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), बहुवचन; numeral adjective qualifying सुतान्

• सदृशान्: worthy; similar
• सदृशान्: Visheshana (विशेषण) of सुतान्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), बहुवचन; ‘similar/equal’

• सुतान्: sons
• सुतान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), बहुवचन

• कुशाम्बम्: Kushamba
• कुशाम्बम्: Karma (कर्म) (appositional list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुशाम्ब (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), एकवचन; proper noun

• कुशनाभम्: Kushanabha
• कुशनाभम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुशनाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), एकवचन; proper noun

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; conjunction (समुच्चय)

• अधूर्तरजसम्: Adhūrtarajasa
• अधूर्तरजसम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधूर्तरजस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), एकवचन; proper noun (compound name)

• वसुम्: Vasu
• वसुम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/Accusative), एकवचन; proper noun

Context

"O best among devatas! we are daughters of Kusanabha, We are capable of pulling you down from your position. We are safe-guarding our ascetic merit as virgins (we could curse you to save our ascetic merit)" of Kusnabha.

Characters & Entities

• Kuśanābha
• Vasu

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is sustained through righteous household life and worthy alliances; the text highlights a proper match and virtuous progeny as foundations for social and moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

Background genealogy is given: the noble marriage and the birth of four sons, including Kuśanābha—father of the maidens in the later episode.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Suguṇa (good qualities) and suitability (yuktatā) in marriage—virtues that support stable dharmic lineage.