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Valmiki Ramayana 2.111.12: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 111, Shloka 12

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकादशोत्तरशततमः सर्गः

Sarga 111: Counsel on Gurus, Parental Debt, and Bharata’s Protest

एवमुक्तस्तु रामेण भरतः प्रत्यनन्तरम्।उवाच परमोदारस्सूतं परमदुर्मनाः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.111.12

evam uktas tu rāmeṇa bharataḥ praty-anantaram | uvāca paramodāraḥ sūtaṃ parama-durmanāḥ ||

یوں رام کے کہنے پر، بھرت—جو نہایت عالی ہمت اور بے حد سخی تھے مگر غم سے نڈھال—فوراً پاس کھڑے سارَتھی سے بول اٹھے۔

एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक
उक्तःhaving been addressed
उक्तः:
Karta (कर्ता; भरतः)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भरतः (being addressed)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक
रामेणby Rama
रामेण:
Karta (कर्ता—तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तृ-निर्देशः (agent)
भरतःBharata
भरतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभरत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
प्रति-अनन्तरम्immediately, close by
प्रति-अनन्तरम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्ययवत्—“immediately/nearby”
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
परम-उदारःvery generous
परम-उदारः:
Karta (कर्ता; भरतस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक) + उदार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—परमः उदारः (very generous)
सूतम्to the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
परम-दुर्मनाःextremely distressed
परम-दुर्मनाः:
Karta (कर्ता; भरतस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक) + दुर्मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—परमः दुर्मनाः (extremely distressed)

Having been addressed by Rama in this way, Bharata of great generosity, in extreme distress, addressing the charioteer who was standing nearby said:

R
Rāma
B
Bharata
S
Sūta (charioteer)

FAQs

Dharma under distress: even in sorrow, action is required—Bharata moves from emotion to purposeful speech, preparing to do what duty demands.

After hearing Rāma’s firm commitment to truth and promise, Bharata—grief-stricken—turns immediately to give instructions to the charioteer.

Udāratā (nobility/generosity) joined with resolve—capacity to act rightly despite intense mental anguish.

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