Rig Veda 7.83.8 — Mandala 7, Sukta 83, Mantra 8
Sukta 7.83
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Indra–Varuṇa
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दाशराज्ञे परियत्ताय विश्वतः सुदास इन्द्रावरुणावशिक्षतम् । श्वित्यञ्चो यत्र नमसा कपर्दिनो धिया धीवन्तो असपन्त तृत्सवः ॥
Transliteration
dāśa-rājñé párīyattāya viśvátas sudā́sa indrāvaruṇāv aśikṣatam | śvityáñco yátra námasā kapardíno dhiyā́ dhī́vanto ásapanta tṛ́tsavaḥ ||
Translation
In the circling attack of the Ten Kings from every side, you two, Indra and Varuṇa, trained and strengthened Sudās. Where the bright-pressing Tṛtsus, with the knotted locks, bowed in reverence and, rich in thought, advanced by vision—there the inner discipline became power.
Word by Word
दाशराज्ञेin/at the (battle) of the Ten Kings
दाशराज्ञे:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootदाशराज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दश-राजन्’ समास) अथवा दाशराज्ञ (युद्ध/संघर्ष-नाम)
परियत्तायfor the one who was hard-pressed/encircled
परियत्ताय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (Kṛdanta)
Rootपरि-यत् (धातु √यत् ‘to strive/press on’), क्त-प्रत्यय (यत्त)
विश्वतःfrom all sides
विश्वतः:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootविश्व (सर्वनाम-विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
सुदासःSudās (the king)
सुदासः:
सम्बन्ध/अधिकारण (यस्यार्थे) / (वाक्ये ‘यस्य’—सुदासः)
TypeNoun
Rootसुदास (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
इन्द्रावरुणाIndra and Varuṇa
इन्द्रावरुणा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootइन्द्र-वरुण (द्वन्द्व-समास प्रातिपदिक)
अवशिक्षतम्helped/strengthened
अवशिक्षतम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√शिक्ष् (धातु √शिक्ष् ‘to strengthen/teach/assist’), लङ् (इम्पर्फेक्ट)
श्वित्यञ्चःthe bright/whitish-shining ones
श्वित्यञ्चः:
कर्तृ (असपन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootश्वित्यञ्च (प्रातिपदिक; ‘श्वित्/श्विति’ + अञ्च ‘turning/going’; विशेषण)
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (य-प्रत्यय-प्रश्न/सम्बन्ध-अव्यय)
नमसाwith reverence/obeisance
नमसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
कपर्दिनःthe topknotted ones
कपर्दिनः:
कर्तृ (असपन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootकपर्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘with braided hair/topknot’)
धियाwith inspired thought
धिया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thought, insight’)
धीवन्तःthe inspired/wise ones
धीवन्तः:
कर्तृ (असपन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootधीवन्त् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing dhī’, from धी + वन्त्)
असपन्तthey followed/attended
असपन्त:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सप् (धातु; ‘to follow/attend, to accompany’), लङ् (इम्पर्फेक्ट)
तृत्सवःthe Tṛtsus (tribe/people)
तृत्सवः:
कर्तृ (असपन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootतृत्सु (प्रातिपदिक; जन/गोत्र-नाम)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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