Rig Veda 7.2.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 2, Mantra 4

Sukta 7.2

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for Maṇḍala 7)

Devata: Agni (with priestly actions around the barhis and havis)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सपर्यवो भरमाणा अभिज्ञु प्र वृञ्जते नमसा बर्हिरग्नौ । आजुह्वाना घृतपृष्ठं पृषद्वदध्वर्यवो हविषा मर्जयध्वम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.2.4

Transliteration

saparyávo bháramāṇā abhi-jñú prá vṛñjate námasā bárhir agnáu | ā́-juhvānā ghṛtá-pṛṣṭhaṃ pṛ́ṣad-vad ádhvaryavo havíṣā marjayadhvam ||

Translation

O ministers of the offering, bringing the oblations with understanding, spread out with reverence the sacred seat for Agni. Pouring forth, make bright with the offering the altar that bears the ghee’s lustre, variegated with rays—polish and perfect the sacrifice by the oblation.

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Word by Word

• सपर्यवः: the worshippers/attendants
• सपर्यवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: सपर्यु- (प्रातिपदिक; √सपर्य्/√सप् ‘to honor, serve’ से)

• भरमाणाः: bearing, carrying
• भरमाणाः: कर्तृ (सपर्यवः का विशेषण)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √भृ (भर्) + शानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अभिज्ञु: the knowing/skillful one (Agni)
• अभिज्ञु: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि- + √ज्ञा/√ज्ञ (to know) → अभिज्ञु- (प्रातिपदिक ‘knowing, skilled’)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• वृञ्जते: they spread/arrange
• वृञ्जते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृञ्ज् (to arrange/spread/prepare; ‘to set in order’)

• नमसा: with reverence, by homage
• नमसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• बर्हिः: the sacred grass (barhis)
• बर्हिः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्नौ: in/for Agni (at Agni’s rite)
• अग्नौ: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• आजुह्वानाः: offering, invoking
• आजुह्वानाः: कर्तृ (सपर्यवः का विशेषण)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: आ- + √हु (to pour/offer, invoke) + शानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• घृतपृष्ठम्: whose back is ghee; ghee-backed
• घृतपृष्ठम्: कर्म (अभिज्ञु का विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: घृत- + पृष्ठ- (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• पृषद्वत्: speckled, dappled
• पृषद्वत्: कर्म (अभिज्ञु का विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृषद्-वत् (वत्-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘speckled/variegated’)

• अध्वर्यवः: O Adhvaryu priests
• अध्वर्यवः: कर्तृ (सम्बोधनार्थे/कर्तृवाचक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर्यु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• हविषा: with the oblation
• हविषा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्जयध्वम्: cleanse/adorn (yourselves/it)!
• मर्जयध्वम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृज् (to wipe, cleanse, adorn)