Rig Veda 3.2.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 2, Mantra 4

Sukta 3.2

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.2)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ मन्द्रस्य सनिष्यन्तो वरेण्यं वृणीमहे अह्रयं वाजमृग्मियम् । रातिं भृगूणामुशिजं कविक्रतुमग्निं राजन्तं दिव्येन शोचिषा ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.2.4

Transliteration

ā mandrásya saniṣyántaḥ váreṇyaṃ vṛṇīmahe áhrayaṃ vā́jam ṛgmíyam | rātíṃ bhṛgūṇām uśíjaṃ kaví-kratum agníṃ rājántaṃ divyéna śocíṣā ||

Translation

Seeking the gain of the Delight, we choose the most choice-worthy—Agni, unerring, the plenitude of force that is hymned by the Word; the gift of the Bhṛgus, the eager flame, the seer-will, shining with a divine radiance.

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Word by Word

• आ: towards; hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• मन्द्रस्य: of the gladdening/pleasant (one)
• मन्द्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सनिष्यन्तः: seeking to win/obtain
• सनिष्यन्तः: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: सन् (धातु √अस् ‘to be’) + इष्य (future-desiderative formation) → सनिṣ्य (prātipadika/participle base)

• वरेण्यम्: worthy to be chosen; excellent
• वरेण्यम्: कर्म (as qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरेण्य (प्रातिपदिक < √वृ ‘to choose’)

• वृणीमहे: we choose
• वृणीमहे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (वृणोति) ‘to choose’

• अह्रयम्: unfailing; not slack
• अह्रयम्: कर्म (as qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अह्रय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘not sluggish/undeceiving’, Vedic epithet)

• वाजम्: prize; strength; (victory-)booty
• वाजम्: कर्म (appositional/goal notion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋग्मियम्: hymn-worthy; praised with ṛks
• ऋग्मियम्: कर्म (as qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋग्मिय (प्रातिपदिक < ऋच्/ऋग् ‘hymn’)

• रातिम्: gift; bounty
• रातिम्: कर्म (apposition/attribute of अग्निम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राति (प्रातिपदिक < √रा ‘to give’)

• भृगूणाम्: of the Bhṛgus
• भृगूणाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: भृगु (प्रातिपदिक)

• उशिजम्: eager; zealous
• उशिजम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उशिज् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘eager/zealous’, esp. of priests)

• कविक्रतुम्: whose resolve is that of a seer; wise-willed
• कविक्रतुम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कवि-क्रतु (समास: कवि ‘seer’ + क्रतु ‘will/insight/ritual power’)

• अग्निम्: Agni
• अग्निम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• राजन्तम्: shining; reigning
• राजन्तम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √राज् ‘to shine, be splendid/kingly’ → राजन्त् (present participle)

• दिव्येन: with heavenly; divine
• दिव्येन: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक < दिव् ‘sky’)

• शोचिषा: with flame; with radiance
• शोचिषा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोचिस् (प्रातिपदिक)