Rig Veda 2.34.4: Mandala 2, Sukta 34, Mantra 4

Sukta 2.34

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)

Devata: Maruts (with Mitra as associated power of harmony)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पृक्षे ता विश्वा भुवना ववक्षिरे मित्राय वा सदमा जीरदानवः । पृषदश्वासो अनवभ्रराधस ऋजिप्यासो न वयुनेषु धूर्षदः ॥

Transliteration

pṛkṣé tā́ viśvā́ bhúvanā vavakṣire mitrā́ya vā sád amā́ jīrá-dānavaḥ | pṛ́ṣad-aśvāso anavabhra-rā́dhasa ṛjipyā́so ná vayúneṣu dhū́ḥ-sadaḥ ||

Translation

For the strengthening, they have borne all the worlds, ever moving, for Mitra’s harmony they come to the seat. With dappled steeds, with unclouded riches, straight-driving, they take their stand in the workings of discernment.

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Word by Word

• पृक्षे: in/at the ‘pṛkṣa’ (contact/mixture; here: in the encounter/pressing context)
• पृक्षे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) / पृक्ष् (धातु, ‘सम्पर्के/संयोगे’ इत्यादि) — यहाँ नामरूप

• ताः: those (they)
• ताः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वाः: all
• विश्वाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• भुवनानि: worlds, beings/realms
• भुवनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक; √भू)

• ववक्षिरे: they have borne/carried (have made to grow)
• ववक्षिरे: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वक्ष् (वक्षति; ‘वहने/वर्धने’), परस्मैपद

• मित्राय: for Mitra
• मित्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वा: or/indeed
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• सदमा: seat, abode, dwelling
• सदमा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सद्मन्/सद्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• जीरदानवः: the ‘swift-giving/quick-bestowing’ ones (epithet of the Maruts)
• जीरदानवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: जीर-दानु (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• पृषदश्वासः: having dappled/spotty horses
• पृषदश्वासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषद्-अश्व (समास; प्रातिपदिक)

• अनवभ्रराधसः: whose bounty does not fail / of unfailing generosity
• अनवभ्रराधसः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन-अपभ्र-राधस् (समास; राधस् ‘दान/समृद्धि’)

• ऋजिप्यासः: straight/true in drinking (or: straight-going, eager)
• ऋजिप्यासः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋजि-प्य (समास/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-निपात)

• वयुनेषु: in the workings/ways, in the orderly operations
• वयुनेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयुन (प्रातिपदिक)

• धूर्षदः: sitting on the yoke-pole / yoked charioteers (epithet)
• धूर्षदः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: धूर्षद् (प्रातिपदिक; धूर् ‘धुरी/रथधुरा’ + सद् ‘आसीन/स्थित’)