Rig Veda 1.45.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 45, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.45
Rishi: Kaṇva / Priyamedha tradition referenced
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī-like (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
महिकेरव ऊतये प्रियमेधा अहूषत । राजन्तमध्वराणामग्निं शुक्रेण शोचिषा ॥
Transliteration
mahíkerava ūtáye priyámedhā ahūṣata | rā́jantam adhvarā́ṇām agníṃ śukréṇa śóciṣā ||
Translation
The great-voiced Priyamedhas called him for help—Agni, the king of the offerings, shining with a clear and radiant flame. May that sovereign Fire rule our inner rite and lead it to its luminous perfection.
Word by Word
महिgreatly; great
महि:
विशेषण (ऊतये इत्यस्य) / क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमहि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *megʰ- ‘महान्’
केरवःthe singers/chanters
केरवः:
कर्तृ (अहूषत इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootकेरव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्तुतिकर्तृ/गायक’)
ऊतयेfor help; for aid
ऊतये:
सम्प्रदान (यस्यै—‘for aid’)
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक) < √अव्/अव् ‘रक्षणे’ (ऊति ‘help, aid’)
प्रियमेधाःthe dear-wise ones; beloved sages
प्रियमेधाः:
कर्तृ (अहूषत इत्यस्य) — ‘केरवः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोज़िशन
TypeNoun
Rootप्रियमेध (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समासः: प्रिय + मेध ‘wisdom/skill’)
अहूषतthey called; they invoked
अहूषत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हू (ह्वे/आह्वाने) + अ (अङ्ग) ; रूपम्: अ-हूषत
राजन्तम्shining; ruling
राजन्तम्:
कर्म (अहूषत—whom they invoked)
TypeAdjective
Rootराजन्त् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) < √राज् ‘दीप्तौ/राज्ये’
अध्वराणाम्of the sacrifices/rites
अध्वराणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (राजन्तम्—‘of the rites’)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर (प्रातिपदिक) ‘यज्ञ/अध्वर’
अग्निम्Agni (fire-god)
अग्निम्:
कर्म (अहूषत—Agni as the invoked one)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
शुक्रेणwith bright; with pure
शुक्रेण:
करण (शोचिषा सह—‘with bright…’)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुक्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bright, pure’
शोचिषाwith flame; with radiance
शोचिषा:
करण (येन—‘by/with flame’)
TypeNoun
Rootशोचिस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘flame, radiance’
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