Rig Veda 1.2.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.2

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditionally for RV 1.1–1.11; incl. 1.2)

Devata: Vāyu (with Soma implied as the offered delight-substance)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वायो तव प्रपृञ्चती धेना जिगाति दाशुषे । उरूची सोमपीतये ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.2.3

Transliteration

vāyo táva prapṛñcatī dhénā jigāti dāśúṣe | urūcī sómapītaye ||

Translation

O Vāyu, thy wide-spreading stream of delight-milk comes to the giver (the aspiring sacrificer); luminous and far-ranging, it moves for the drinking of Soma—so that the inner rapture may be received and increased in us.

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Word by Word

• वायो: O Vāyu
• वायो: सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: वायु- (प्रातिपदिक) < √वा (वाति ‘to blow’)

• तव: of you / your
• तव: सम्बन्ध (possessor/related-to)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रपृञ्चती: mixing/blending (forth)
• प्रपृञ्चती: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of the agent ‘धेनाः’)
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: प्र-√पृच् (पृञ्चति ‘to mix, blend’) → प्रपृञ्चत्- (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ) स्त्री

• धेनाः: the milch-cow (metaph.: stream of offering/wealth)
• धेनाः: कर्तृ (agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• जिगाति: goes / comes
• जिगाति: क्रिया (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गा (गाति ‘to go’) with reduplication: जि-गाति

• दाशुषे: to the giver/worshipper
• दाशुषे: सम्प्रदान (recipient/beneficiary)
• Type: Noun (agent noun from participle)
• Root: √दाश् (to give, worship) → दाश्वस्-/दाशुष्- (परिपूर्ण/भूतकृदन्त ‘giver, worshipper’)

• उरूची: wide-shining / far-radiant
• उरूची: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of ‘धेनाः’ understood)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु- ‘wide’ + अञ्च्/अच् (to shine) → उरूची- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमपीतये: for the drinking of Soma
• सोमपीतये: प्रयोजन/सम्प्रदान (purpose: ‘for Soma-drinking’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- + पीति- (< √पा ‘to drink’) → सोमपीति- (प्रातिपदिक)