Atharva Veda 3.17.2: Kanda 3, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 17, Mantra 2

Sukta 17

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यु॒नक्त॒ सीरा॒ वि यु॒गा त॑नोत कृ॒ते योनौ॑ वपते॒ह बीज॑म्। वि॒राजः॒ श्नुष्टिः॒ सभ॑रा असन्नो॒ नेदी॑य॒ इत् सृ॒ण्यः प॒क्वमा य॑वन्

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 3.17.2

IAST Transliteration

yunákt sīrā́ ví yugā́ tanota kṛté yónau vápatehá bī́jam | virā́jaḥ śnúṣṭiḥ sá-bharā asan no nédīya íd sṛ́ṇyaḥ pakvám ā́ yavan

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Let him yoke the ploughs; let him stretch the yokes abroad; in the prepared womb let him sow the seed here. Let Virāj’s increase, well-bearing, be ours; and may the sickles indeed come nearer with the ripened grain.

Translation

Magkabit siya ng mga araro; mag-unat siya ng mga pamatok sa paligid; sa inihandang sinapupunan ay maghasik siya ng binhi dito. Ang pagdami ni Virāj, na mabuting nagbubunga, ay maging sa amin; at ang mga karit ay tunay na lumapit na may hinog na butil.

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Word by Word

• युनक्ति: (he) yokes, harnesses
• युनक्ति: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (युजँ) / √yuj

• सीराः: ploughs
• सीराः: Karma (योज्य-वस्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, forth
• वि: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• युगाः: yokes
• युगाः: Karma (वियोज्य/विस्तार्य-वस्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग (प्रातिपदिक)

• तनोति: stretches out, spreads
• तनोति: Kriyā (अनुक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तन् (तनुँ) / √tan

• कृते: in the prepared (field)
• कृते: Adhikaraṇa (विशेषण-आश्रय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (प्रातिपदिक) < √कृ

• योनौ: in the womb; in the furrow/bed
• योनौ: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वपते: sows
• वपते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वप् (वपँ) / √vap

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• बीजम्: seed
• बीजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बीज (प्रातिपदिक)

• विराजः: of Virāj (the radiant one/metre)
• विराजः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विराज् (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्नुष्टिः: the shout/cry (of labour); a call
• श्नुष्टिः: Kartā (नाम-कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्नुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सभराः: bearing together; well-provided
• सभराः: Kartā (विशेषण-कर्तृ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सभर (प्रातिपदिक)

• असन्: were
• असन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (असँ) / √as

• नः: for us; our
• नः: Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (हित/सम्बन्ध: ‘for us/our’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• नेदीयः: nearer
• नेदीयः: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नेदीयस् (प्रातिपदिक; निः+दीयस्/निदीयस् ‘nearer’)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: Prayojaka-nipāta
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात/अव्यय)

• सृण्यः: sickles; reaping-knives
• सृण्यः: Kartā (नाम-कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सृणि (प्रातिपदिक)

• पक्वम्: ripe
• पक्वम्: Karma (विशेष्य-फल)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पक्व (प्रातिपदिक) < √पच्

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यवन्: went, came (up to)
• यवन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याञ्) / √yā

Attribution

Rishi: Kṛṣi-sūkta tradition (seer attribution varies).

Devata: Virāj (as fecund order), with agricultural implements as functional deities

Chandas: Mixed; longer line suggests triṣṭubh/jagatī influence within Atharvanic composition

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta