Varaha Purana 82.22: Adhyaya 82, Shloka 22

The Descent of the Rivers: The Sky-Gaṅgā and Her Fourfold Division

Devanagari script

तदम्भःस्थितानां देशानां तान्येव नामानि ।

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 82.22

Transliteration

tadambhaḥsthitānāṃ deśānāṃ tānyeva nāmāni

Translation

ดินแดนที่ตั้งอยู่เหนือสายน้ำนั้น ย่อมมีนามตามนั้นเอง

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Word by Word

• तत्: of that
• तत्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण (qualifying अम्भः)

• अम्भःस्थितानाम्: of the (lands) situated in water
• अम्भःस्थितानाम्: विशेषण (Adjectival to देशानाम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अम्भस् (प्रातिपदिक) + स्था (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त) ‘स्थित’ with उपपद ‘अम्भः’; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-समासानुसार (agreeing with देशानाम्); अर्थ: अम्भसि स्थित (situated in water)

• देशानाम्: of the regions/lands
• देशानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• तानि: those
• तानि: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

• एव: indeed / only
• एव: विशेषण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• नामानि: names
• नामानि: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Hydrography
• Purāṇic Cosmography
• Toponymy

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a traditional toponymic principle: places are named in relation to water systems, showing the centrality of rivers and waters in cultural geography.

Which geographic location is identified?

No single location is singled out; the verse states a naming convention connecting regions to associated waters in the chapter’s cosmography.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Implicitly, it foregrounds water as foundational to habitation and identity, aligning with an ecological perspective that treats water systems as central to human geography.