Rig Veda 4.15.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 15, Mantra 5

Sukta 4.15

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; short 3-pāda form typical of gāyatrī-like verses)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्य घा वीर ईवतोऽग्नेरीशीत मर्त्यः । तिग्मजम्भस्य मीळ्हुषः ॥

Transliteration

ásya ghā vīrá ī́vato’gnér īśīta mártyaḥ | tigmá-jambhasya mīḷhúṣaḥ ||

Translation

อัคนี (Agni) องค์นี้—ผู้ประทานอย่างฉับไว—วีรชนผู้เป็นมนุษย์ย่อมได้เป็นนายเหนือท่าน: ผู้มีขากรรไกรคม ผู้ช่วยอันทรงพลัง ผู้ประทานความเกื้อกูลที่จำเป็น.

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Word by Word

• अस्य: of this (one), of him/it
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• घ: indeed, surely
• घ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: घ (निपात)

• वीरः: the hero, the strong man
• वीरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईवतः: of the impetuous/energetic (one)
• ईवतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईवत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘उत्साही/वेगवान्’ इत्यर्थे) → ईवतः

• अग्नेः: of Agni
• अग्नेः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive: ‘of Agni’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईशीत: rules, is master (of)
• ईशीत: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (धातु) ‘to rule, to be master of’

• मर्त्यः: a mortal
• मर्त्यः: Kartā (ईशीत इत्यस्य कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• तिग्मजम्भस्य: of the sharp-jawed (one)
• तिग्मजम्भस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: तिग्म-जम्भ (समास-प्रातिपदिक; तिग्म ‘sharp’ + जम्भ ‘jaw/teeth’) → तिग्मजम्भस्य

• मीळ्हुषः: of the gracious/bountiful (one)
• मीळ्हुषः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive: ‘of the gracious/bountiful one’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मीळ्हु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अनुग्राहक/दातार’—RV में अग्नि/देव-विशेषण) → मीळ्हुषः