Rig Veda 10.85.16: Mandala 10, Sukta 85, Mantra 16
Sukta 10.85
Rishi: Sūryā Sāvitri (traditional)
Devata: Sūryā (with implicit revelation of hidden wheel)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
द्वे ते चक्रे सूर्ये ब्रह्माण ऋतुथा विदुः । अथैकं चक्रं यद्गुहा तदद्धातय इद्विदुः ॥
Transliteration
dvé te cakré sūrye brahmā́ṇa ṛtu-thā́ viduḥ | áthaíkaṃ cakráṃ yád guhā́ tád addhā́taya íd viduḥ ||
Translation
โอ้สุริยา (Sūryā) ล้อสองล้อนั้น พราหมณ์ทั้งหลายรู้ตามกฎแห่งฤดูกาลอันถูกต้อง; แต่ล้อหนึ่งซึ่งซ่อนอยู่ในที่ลี้ลับ—ผู้เห็นความจริง (ฤๅษี) เท่านั้นจึงรู้ได้โดยแท้. ฉะนั้นการเดินทางนี้มีหลักค้ำจุนเร้นลับเหนือระเบียบที่มองเห็น
Word by Word
द्वेtwo
द्वे:
विशेषण (कर्तृ/विषय-सम्बन्धे) — ‘चक्रे’ इत्यस्य
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootद्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you/thy
ते:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘तव/ते’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चक्रे(two) wheels
चक्रे:
कर्तृ/विषय (उक्ते ‘विदुः’ इत्यस्य ज्ञेय-विषयः)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक) < √कृ (करोति) ‘करण/चक्र’
सूर्येO Sūrya
सूर्ये:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्माणःthe Brahmans / sacred formulators
ब्रह्माणः:
कर्तृ — ‘विदुः’
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतुथाaccording to the seasons / in due order
ऋतुथा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋतु + -था (अव्ययीभाव/तद्धित-अव्यय)
विदुःthey know
विदुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विद्/वेद) ‘जानाति’
अथthen / moreover
अथ:
सम्बन्ध/अनुक्रम-सूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (निपात)
एकम्one
एकम्:
विशेषण (कर्म-सम्बन्धे)
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootएक (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
चक्रम्wheel
चक्रम्:
कर्म/विषय (यद्-सम्बन्धेन)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक) < √कृ
यत्which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (यद्–तद्) — ‘चक्रम्’ इत्यस्य
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गुहाin the hiding-place / in the secret
गुहा:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootगुहा (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
सम्बन्ध (यद्–तद्)
TypeDemonstrative pronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अद्धाtruly / indeed
अद्धा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्धा (निपात)
आतयःthe travellers / comers (a class of knowers)
आतयः:
कर्तृ — ‘विदुः’
TypeNoun
Rootआति (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक-विशेषः) < √अत्/√आत् ‘गमन/प्राप्ति’ (व्युत्पत्तिः अनिश्चित/परम्परागत)
इत्just / indeed
इत्:
निपात (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात; ‘एव’ अर्थे)
विदुःthey know
विदुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विद्/वेद) ‘जानाति’
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