Rig Veda 10.12.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 12, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.12

Devata: Agni (implicit) / the Gods collectively; imagery of go (cow/light) and ghṛta (clarified essence)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स्वावृग्देवस्यामृतं यदी गोरतो जातासो धारयन्त उर्वी । विश्वे देवा अनु तत्ते यजुर्गुर्दुहे यदेनी दिव्यं घृतं वाः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.12.3

Transliteration

svā́vṛk devásyāmṛ́taṃ yadī́ góra tó jātā́so dhārayanta urvī́ | víśve devā́ ánu tát te yájur gur duhè yád enī́ divyáṃ ghṛtáṃ vā́ḥ ||

Translation

เมื่อเหล่าผู้กว้างใหญ่—ผู้บังเกิดจากแหล่งแห่งโค—ค้ำจุนอมฤตะของเทพไว้แล้ว เทพทั้งปวงย่อมดำเนินตามยชุส (yajus) ของท่าน. เขาทั้งหลายราวกับรีดเอาฆฤตะ (ghṛta) อันเป็นทิพย์จากผู้สว่างไสวทั้งสอง.

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Word by Word

• स्वा: own, her/its own
• स्वा: Kartā (विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun
• Root: स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / स्वा (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक)

• वृक्: wolf
• वृक्: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवस्य: of the god
• देवस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृतम्: immortality; ambrosia
• अमृतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karma (यद्-तद् सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun/Relative
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ई: indeed; just
• ई: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ई (निपात/अव्यय)

• गोरतः: from the cow-loving one / from one devoted to cows
• गोरतः: Apādāna (from/away from) / source
• Type: Compound (Adj/Noun)
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक) + रत (प्रातिपदिक)

• जातासः: born; those who were born
• जातासः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adj/Noun)
• Root: √जन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• धारयन्ते: they hold; they bear
• धारयन्ते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धृ (धातु)

• उर्वी: the broad earth; the wide (one)
• उर्वी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उर्वी (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वे: all
• विश्वे: Kartā (विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: after; following
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Demonstrative
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: to/for you; of you
• ते: Sampradāna/Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यजुः: sacrificial formula (yajus)
• यजुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• गुः: they uttered; they sang
• गुः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गु (धातु; वेदिक-रूप)

• दुहे: it yields; it is milked
• दुहे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दुह् (धातु)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karma/Subject (relative)
• Type: Pronoun/Relative
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एनी: the doe; the swift one (metaphorically)
• एनी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: एनी (प्रातिपदिक)

• दिव्यम्: heavenly; divine
• दिव्यम्: Karma (विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृतम्: ghee; clarified butter
• घृतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाः: for you (plural)
• वाः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: वस्/वः (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक, 2nd person enclitic)