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Valmiki Ramayana 6.39.3: Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 3

लङ्कादर्शनम्

Viewing Laṅkā and its Forest-Gardens

Devanagari script

चम्पकाशोकपुन्नागसालतालसमाकुला ।तमालवनसञ्छन्नानागमालासमावृता ।।6.39.3।।हिन्तालैरर्जुनैर्नीपैस्सप्तपर्णैश्चपुष्पितैः ।तिलकैःकर्णिकारैश्चपाटलैश्चसमन्ततः ।।6.39.4।।शुशुभेपुष्पिताग्रैश्चलतापरिगतैर्द्रुमैः ।लङ्काबहुविधैर्दिव्यैर्यथेन्द्रस्यामरावती ।।6.39.5।।विचित्रकुसुमोपेतैरक्तकोमलपल्लवैः ।शाद्वलैश्चतथानीपैश्चित्राभिर्वनराजिभिः ।।6.39.6।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 6.39.3
Transliteration

campakāśokapunnāgasālatālasamākulā |

tamālavana-sañchannā nāgamālāsamāvṛtā ||6.39.3||

hintālair arjunair nīpaiḥ saptaparṇaiś ca puṣpitaiḥ |

tilakaiḥ karṇikāraiś ca pāṭalaiś ca samantataḥ ||6.39.4||

śuśubhe puṣpitāgraiś ca latāparigatair drumaiḥ |

laṅkā bahuvidhair divyair yathendrasyāmarāvatī ||6.39.5||

vicitrakusumopetair raktakomala-pallavaiḥ |

śādvalaiś ca tathā nīpaiś citrābhir vanarājibhiḥ ||6.39.6||

Translation

กรุงลงกาดูร่มรื่นด้วยพฤกษานานาพันธุ์—จำปา อโศก ปุณณาค สาล ตาล และไม้อื่น ๆ ถูกม่านพงตมาลาปกคลุม และล้อมรอบด้วยแนวพวงนาคามาลา ทุกทิศประดับด้วยต้นหินตาล อรชุน นีปะ สัปตปัรณะ ติลกะ กรรณิการ และปาฏละที่กำลังผลิบาน ด้วยยอดไม้แน่นด้วยดอกและเถาวัลย์พันรัดลำต้น เมืองนั้นจึงส่องประกายด้วยพรรณไม้ทิพย์หลากหลาย ดุจอมราวตีของพระอินทร์—งามด้วยดอกไม้หลากสี ยอดอ่อนแดงระเรื่อ สนามหญ้าเขียว และแนวป่าที่แต่งแต้มสีสัน

Word by Word
campakāśoka-punnāga-sāla-tāla-samākulāfilled with champaka, ashoka, punnaga, sala and tala trees
campakāśoka-punnāga-sāla-tāla-samākulā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootcampaka + aśoka + punnāga + sāla + tāla (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ākula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् 'लङ्का'; समासः (बहुपद-समाहार) तत्पुरुष-प्रायः: 'चम्पकादिभिः समाकुला'
tamāla-vana-saṃchannācovered by tamala-groves
tamāla-vana-saṃchannā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roottamāla + vana (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-chad (धातु) + ta (क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तमालवनैः संछन्ना)
nāga-mālā-samāvṛtāsurrounded by nāga-mālā trees
nāga-mālā-samāvṛtā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnāga-mālā (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ā-vṛ (धातु) + ta (क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषार्थः (नागमालाभिः समावृता)
hintālaiḥwith hintāla trees
hintālaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roothintāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; साधन/हेतु-रूपेण विशेषण-सम्बन्धः
arjunaiḥwith arjuna trees
arjunaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootarjuna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
nīpaiḥwith nīpa trees
nīpaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
saptaparṇaiḥwith saptaparṇa trees
saptaparṇaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaptaparṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, conjunction
puṣpitaiḥin full bloom
puṣpitaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpuṣpita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (वृक्षैः) 'in bloom'
tilakaiḥwith tilaka trees
tilakaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottilaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
karṇikāraiḥwith karṇikāra trees
karṇikāraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkarṇikāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, conjunction
pāṭalaiḥwith pāṭala trees
pāṭalaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpāṭala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, conjunction
samantataḥon all sides/everywhere
samantataḥ:
Desha (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamantatas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, adverb (परितः/सर्वतः)
śuśubheshone/was splendid
śuśubhe:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśubh (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
puṣpitāgraiḥwith flower-laden tops
puṣpitāgraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpuṣpita (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुष्पितानि अग्राणि येषां तैः)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, conjunction
latā-parigataiḥencircled by creepers
latā-parigataiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootlatā (प्रातिपदिक) + pari-gam (धातु) + ta (क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषार्थः (लताभिः परिगतैः)
drumaiḥby trees
drumaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdruma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
laṅkāLanka
laṅkā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootlaṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
bahuvidhaiḥof many kinds
bahuvidhaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahuvidha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (दिव्यैः/द्रुमैः)
divyaiḥdivine/wondrous
divyaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdivya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्
yathālike/as
yathā:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, उपमानवाचक
indrasyaof Indra
indrasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootindra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन
amarāvatīAmaravati
amarāvatī:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootamarāvatī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमानपदम्
vicitra-kusumopetaiḥendowed with diverse flowers
vicitra-kusumopetaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvicitra (प्रातिपदिक) + kusuma (प्रातिपदिक) + upeta (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (विचित्रैः कुसुमैः उपेतैः = endowed with varied flowers)
rakta-komala-pallavaiḥwith red tender shoots/leaves
rakta-komala-pallavaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootrakta (प्रातिपदिक) + komala (प्रातिपदिक) + pallava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (रक्ताश्च कोमलाश्च पल्लवाः)
śādvalaiḥwith green lawns/turf
śādvalaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśādvala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), तृतीया, बहुवचन; 'grassy lawns/green turf'
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, conjunction
tathālikewise
tathā:
Prakara (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, adverb (एवम्/तद्वत्)
nīpaiḥwith nīpa trees
nīpaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
citrābhiḥvariegated/colorful
citrābhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcitra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् 'वनराजिभिः'
vana-rājibhiḥwith forest-tracts/rows of woods
vana-rājibhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक) + rāji (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वनानां राजयः = rows/tracts of forest)
Context

The city of Lanka looked charming with tall towers resembling white cluster of clouds fortified with gold and silver.

Characters & Entities
L
Laṅkā
A
Amarāvatī
I
Indra

FAQs

The verse indirectly highlights dharma through discernment: outward splendor can mask inner adharma. Laṅkā’s beauty is real, yet the narrative context reminds the reader that righteousness is judged by conduct and truth (satya), not by wealth or ornament.

As the campaign reaches Laṅkā, the poem pauses to describe the city’s extraordinary beauty—its groves, flowering trees, and garden-like forest belts—seen in the approach to the impending confrontation with Rāvaṇa.

Rāma’s steadiness (dhairya) and moral clarity are emphasized by contrast: even when faced with a dazzling city, his purpose remains fixed on restoring dharma and satya rather than being distracted by grandeur.

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