Varaha Purana 113.48: Adhyaya 113, Shloka 48

Hymn to Varāha and Pṛthivī’s Inquiry

Prelude to the Sanatkumāra Dialogue

Devanagari script

त्वं च कालश्च मृत्युश्च त्वं भूतो भूतभावनः॥ आदिमध्यान्त रूपोऽसि मेधा बुद्धिः स्मृतिर्भवान्

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 113.48

Transliteration

tvaṃ ca kālaś ca mṛtyuś ca tvaṃ bhūto bhūta-bhāvanaḥ || ādi-madhyānta-rūpo 'si medhā buddhiḥ smṛtir bhavān

Translation

నీవే కాలము, నీవే మృత్యువు; నీవే సత్త్వము, భూతభావనుడు. నీవే ఆది-మధ్య-అంత రూపము; నీవే మేధ, బుద్ధి, స్మృతి.

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Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात

• कालः: time
• कालः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात

• मृत्युः: death
• मृत्युः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• भूतः: the being / the existent
• भूतः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक); भू (धातु) + क्त
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) used substantively, पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• भूतभावनः: nourisher/creator of beings
• भूतभावनः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत-भावन (प्रातिपदिक); भूत (प्रातिपदिक) + भावन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध: ‘भूतानां भावनः’), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• आदि-मध्य-अन्त-रूपः: whose form is beginning, middle, and end
• आदि-मध्य-अन्त-रूपः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आदि + मध्य + अन्त + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समाहार-द्वन्द्व (आदि-मध्य-अन्त) + रूप इति तत्पुरुष-सम्बन्ध; पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• असि: are
• असि: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मेधा: intelligence / insight
• मेधा: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• बुद्धिः: understanding
• बुद्धिः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• स्मृतिः: memory
• स्मृतिः: Pradhāna-predicative (विधेय/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्मृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

• भवान्: you (honored)
• भवान्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-शब्द (honorific pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative)

Speaker

Pṛthivī (default dialogue framework; address to Varāha/Viṣṇu)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Philosophy
• Sanskrit Philology
• Intellectual History

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It encapsulates a Purāṇic synthesis where cosmic forces (time, death) and inner faculties (intellect, memory) are presented within a single metaphysical frame, useful for comparative studies with later Vedāntic and devotional literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is mentioned; the focus is metaphysical and psychological.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

By foregrounding time and death alongside cognition, the verse implicitly encourages reflective discernment and responsible action, though it does not prescribe a specific moral rule.