Rig Veda 9.99.3 — Mandala 9, Sukta 99, Mantra 3
Sukta 9.99
Devata: Soma Pavamāna
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमस्य मर्जयामसि मदो य इन्द्रपातमः । यं गाव आसभिर्दधुः पुरा नूनं च सूरयः ॥
Transliteration
tám asya marjayāmasi mádo yá índrapātamaḥ | yáṃ gā́va āsábhir dadhúḥ purā́ nū́naṃ ca sūríyaḥ ||
Translation
అతనినే మేము శుద్ధి చేస్తాము—ఇది మదః (ఆనంద-రసం), ఇంద్రుడు పానము చేయుటకు అత్యుత్తమమైనది; దీనిని కిరణాలు (గావః) తమ నోళ్లలో ధరిస్తాయి—పూర్వమూ ఇప్పుడూ, ఓ సూరయః (ప్రకాశవంతులారా).
Word by Word
तमस्यof darkness
तमस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्जयामसिwe cleanse / we purify
मर्जयामसि:
क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√मृज् (मृज्/मार्ज्) ‘to wipe, cleanse, polish’
मदःthe rapture / exhilaration
मदः:
कर्तृ/विषय (as subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक) ‘intoxication, exhilaration, rapture’
यःwhich / who
यः:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (relative pronoun; subject of relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रपातमःmost fit for Indra to drink / Indra’s best draught
इन्द्रपातमः:
विशेषण (qualifier of मदः / यः)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootइन्द्र + पातम (प्रातिपदिक); पातमः = superlative (-तम) of पातम ‘drink/that which is drunk’ (Vedic epithet)
यम्whom / which
यम्:
कर्म (object of दधुः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गावःthe cows
गावः:
कर्तृ (subject of दधुः)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
आसभिःwith (their) mouths
आसभिः:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootआस (प्रातिपदिक) ‘mouth’ (Vedic; instr. pl. of आस्/आस)
दधुःthey have placed / they set
दधुः:
क्रिया (relative clause verb)
TypeVerb
Root√धा ‘to place, set, put’
पुराformerly / of old
पुरा:
अधिकारण (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
नूनम्now / just now
नूनम्:
अधिकारण (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम् (अव्यय)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
सूरयःthe patrons / nobles
सूरयः:
कर्तृ (co-subject with गावः, understood with दधुः)
TypeNoun
Rootसूरि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘patron, lord, inspired patron’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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