Rig Veda 9.97.58: Mandala 9, Sukta 97, Mantra 58
Sukta 9.97
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna
- Rasa
- Shanta (peace) and Adbhuta (wonder)
त्वया वयं पवमानेन सोम भरे कृतं वि चिनुयाम शश्वत् । तन्नो मित्रो वरुणो मामहन्तामदितिः सिन्धुः पृथिवी उत द्यौः ॥
tváyā vayaṃ pávamānena soma bháre kṛtáṃ ví cinuyāma śáśvat | tán no mitró váruṇo māmahantām áditiḥ síndhuḥ pṛthivī utá dyáuḥ ||
హే పవమాన సోమా! నీతో కలిసి జీవనధారణ భారంలో పొందిన సిద్ధ లాభాన్ని మేము ఎల్లప్పుడూ సేకరించి క్రమబద్ధం చేసుకుందాం. దానిని మా కొరకు మిత్రుడు, వరుణుడు వృద్ధి చేయుగాక; అదితి, ప్రవాహపు సింధు, పృథివి మరియు ద్యౌ (ఆకాశం) కూడాను.
Word by Word
- त्वया
- by youPronounत्रि.; तृतीया-एकवचनRole करणRoot त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- वयम्
- wePronounपुं.; प्रथमा-बहुवचनRole कर्तृRoot अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- पवमानेन
- with the purifying (one)Adjective (epithet)पुं.; तृतीया-एकवचनRole करणRoot पवमान (√पू/√पु ‘to purify, to flow’ → पवमान ‘purifying/flowing’)
- सोम
- O SomaNounपुं.; संबोधन-एकवचनRole सम्बोधनRoot सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
- भरे
- may (we) bring/obtainVerbलोट् (वेदिक-आज्ञार्थ/विधिलिङ्-समकक्ष); मध्यम? न, अत्र 1पु?—रूपतः ‘भरे’ = लोट्/विधिलिङ् 1एकवचन आत्मनेपद (वेदिक प्रयोग) ‘may I/we bear/bring’ (समष्टि-प्रयोग)Role क्रियाRoot √भृ (भरणे ‘to bear, bring’)
- कृतम्
- made, prepared, accomplishedAdjective/Participleनपुं.; द्वितीया-एकवचन (कर्म-विशेषण)Role कर्मRoot √कृ (करणे) → कृत (कृदन्त)
- वि
- apart, asunder, distinctlyIndeclinableउपसर्गRoot वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
- चिनुयाम
- may we gather/collectVerbविधिलिङ्; उत्तम-पुरुष; बहुवचन; परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √चि (चयन/चिनोति ‘to gather, collect’)
- शश्वत्
- always, continuallyIndeclinable (adverbial)कालवाचक-अव्ययRole अधिकरण (काल)Root शश्वत् (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
- तत्
- thatPronounनपुं.; द्वितीया-एकवचनRole कर्मRoot तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- नः
- to us / for usPronounषष्ठी/चतुर्थी-बहुवचन (एन्क्लिटिक ‘नः’)Role सम्प्रदानRoot अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
- मित्रः
- MitraNounपुं.; प्रथमा-एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- वरुणः
- VaruṇaNounपुं.; प्रथमा-एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
- मामहन्ताम्
- may they favor/benefitVerbलोट्; तृतीय-पुरुष; द्विवचन/बहुवचन?—रूपतः ‘-न्ताम्’ = 3पु बहुवचन आत्मनेपद (आज्ञार्थ)Role क्रियाRoot √मह्/√मंह् (वर्धने/पूजने ‘to honor, favor’) + आ (उपसर्ग) → आ-मंह्/आ-मह्; caus./desid.?; here finite ‘may they favor’
- अदितिः
- AditiNounस्त्री.; प्रथमा-एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot अदिति (प्रातिपदिक)
- सिन्धुः
- Sindhu (river/ocean)Nounपुं.; प्रथमा-एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
- पृथिवी
- EarthNounस्त्री.; प्रथमा-एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
- उत
- and alsoIndeclinableसमुच्चयार्थकRoot उत (निपात/अव्यय)
- द्यौः
- Heaven/SkyNounस्त्री./पुं. (वेदे प्रायः स्त्री.); प्रथमा-एकवचनRole कर्तृRoot द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेद (सम्भाव्य): त्वया | वयम् | पवमानेन | सोम | भरे | कृतम् | वि | चिनुयाम | शश्वत् || तत् | नः | मित्रः | वरुणः | मामहन्ताम् | अदितिः | सिन्धुः | पृथिवी | उत | द्यौः || 1) ‘सोम॒ भरे॑’ = ‘सोम’ (सम्बोधन) + ‘भरे’ (क्रिया) — संधि नहीं। 2) ‘कृतं वि’ = ‘कृतम्’ + ‘वि’ (अन्त्यं -म् परे व्यञ्जने) — पदपाठ में ‘कृतं’ लिखित, मूलतः कृतम्। 3) ‘तन्नो’ = ‘तत्’ + ‘नः’ (तद् + नः → तन्नः; लेखन में तन्नो)।
- यहाँ क्रिया-रूप ‘-न्ताम्’ आत्मनेपद आज्ञार्थ। 5) ‘अदिति:’ विसर्ग-चिह्न मात्र
- पद ‘अदितिः’।
The meaning
Outer meaning
With you, O purifying Soma, may we always gather and arrange the achieved gain in the bearing (support) of life. May Mitra and Varuṇa enlarge it for us—Aditi, the River, Earth and Heaven too.
Inner meaning
With the self-purifying Ananda (pavamāna soma) we collect and order (vi cinuyāma) the accomplished inner gains—stable realizations, not passing experiences—so that life becomes a true ‘bearing’ (bhara) of the divine work. Then the harmonizing Truth (Mitra) and the vast-purifying Law (Varuṇa) increase these attainments; Aditi (the Infinite) releases limitation; Sindhu (the great river) is the streaming consciousness-force; Earth and Heaven are the lower and higher hemispheres of our being brought into a single wideness.
Universal truth
True progress is consolidation: gather what has been realized, organize it into life, and let harmony, law, infinity, and the great flow enlarge it until the whole being—below and above—is unified.
Themes
Soma as helper in works, Expansion by cosmic powers, Heaven-Earth totality, Right order and harmony
The seer
- Rishi
- Ascribed to the Pavamāna Soma seer-tradition of the Ninth Maṇḍala; specific rishi not identified in the provided source.
- Other hymns
- RV 9.97 (Pavamāna)
Family tradition
Collective Soma-Pavamāna corpus: seers of purification who map ritual filtration to inner integration.
Significance
The rishi-voice here is integrative: it asks not only for ecstasy but for organized, enduring realization enlarged by cosmic harmonies (Mitra-Varuṇa) and infinity (Aditi).
The deity
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna (primary) with Mitra, Varuṇa, Aditi, Sindhu, Pṛthivī, Dyauḥ
- Epithets
- Pavamāna (purifying), Indu (luminous essence, implied)
- Related deities
- Agni (as carrier of offering, implied in Soma work), Indra (enjoyer of Soma, thematic)
Cosmic role
Soma purifies and consolidates gains; Mitra establishes harmony; Varuṇa widens and purges; Aditi frees; Sindhu carries the flow; Earth-Heaven provide the total field of manifestation.
Inner power
A coordinated action of bliss (Soma) with truth-harmony (Mitra), vast law (Varuṇa), infinity (Aditi), and streaming force (Sindhu) to integrate the whole being.
In ritual
Where it is used
Soma Pavamāna recitation within Soma sacrifice sequences; also suited to prayers for increase (māmahantām).
त्वया॑ व॒यं पव॑मानेन सोम॒ भरे॑ कृ॒तं वि चि॑नुयाम॒ शश्व॑त् । तन्नो॑ मि॒त्रो वरु॑णो मामहन्ता॒मदि॑ति॒: सिन्धु॑: पृथि॒वी उ॒त द्यौः ॥
त्वया॑ । व॒यम् । पव॑मानेन । सो॒म॒ । भरे॑ । कृ॒तम् । वि । चि॒नु॒या॒म॒ । शश्व॑त् । तत् । नः॒ । मि॒त्रः । वरु॑णः । म॒म॒ह॒न्ता॒म् । अदि॑तिः । सिन्धुः॑ । पृ॒थि॒वी । उ॒त । द्यौः ॥
tvayā | vayam | pavamānena | soma | bhare | kṛtam | vi | cinuyāma | śaśvat | tat | naḥ | mitraḥ | varuṇaḥ | mamahantām | aditiḥ | sindhuḥ | pṛthivī | uta | dyauḥ
48
4 × 12
Measured, organizing rhythm—well-suited to ‘gathering and arranging’ (vi cinuyāma).
Encourages mental order and wideness; supports contemplative integration rather than sheer excitation.
- पव॑मानेन सोम (pavamānena soma)
- Literal: with Soma in purification. Symbolic: with self-purifying delight-consciousness as a yogic means
- भरे (bhare)
- Literal: in bearing/support; in the carrying. Symbolic: in the sustenance of life and the carrying of the sadhana/work
- कृ॒तम् (kṛtam)
- Literal: done, accomplished. Symbolic: attainments made stable in consciousness
- वि चि॑नुयाम (vi cinuyāma)
- Literal: may we gather and arrange/discriminate. Symbolic: integrate realizations; discern and set in right order
- मित्र (mitra)
- Literal: friend; god of harmony. Symbolic: harmonizing truth, right relation of powers
- वरुण (varuṇa)
- Literal: encompasser; lord of law. Symbolic: vast purity, moral-spiritual law, release from falsehood
- अदिति (aditi)
- Literal: the unbound/infinite. Symbolic: infinity that removes limitation and division
- सिन्धु (sindhu)
- Literal: river/oceanic flow. Symbolic: great current of consciousness-force, the streaming wideness
- पृथिवी...द्यौः (pṛthivī...dyauḥ)
- Literal: earth and heaven. Symbolic: lower nature and higher mind/spirit brought into concord
Concluding petition within pavamāna context: the purified Soma is asked to secure the ‘kṛta’ (accomplished gain). Auxiliary deities are invoked to ‘magnify’ the result—typical of Soma hymns that widen into universal supports.
During/after purification and before offering—when ‘gains’ are to be secured for sacrificer and rite.
Invocation of allied deities to enlarge the fruit of Soma preparation.
Chant when consolidating spiritual experiences into daily life—after meditation, before work, or during life transitions.
bhára- from √bhṛ ‘bear, carry’ → life-bearing and offering-bearing; inner: capacity to hold force. √ci ‘pile up, gather’ → collecting realizations into ordered possession. māmahantām from √mah ‘grow, magnify’ (reduplicated/intensive) → expansion of the achieved good. Aditi (a-diti ‘non-division’) → infinity/undividedness; supports psychological reading as wideness of consciousness.
Ṛta upheld by Mitra-Varuṇa, Aditi as infinity/freedom from division, integration of realized gains (kṛtam) into life (bhara)
The mantra asks for right arrangement of realized powers into the life-bearing order.
Mitra-Varuṇa enlarge only what is aligned with truth and law.
Integration of Heaven and Earth—higher and lower—into one sustained manifestation.
Integral Vedism: realization must descend and organize the whole nature (heaven-earth) through wideness (Aditi/Sindhu).
River = streaming consciousness-force; Earth = embodied stability; Heaven = luminous mind; Soma = delight that enables integration.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The ‘secured gain’ mythologem: Soma’s purification enables the gathering of accomplished results, which are then enlarged by cosmic law-powers (Mitra-Varuṇa) and infinite wideness (Aditi), stabilized between Earth and Heaven and carried by the river-flow (Sindhu).
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √bhṛ (bhare) reflects PIE *bʰer- ‘carry’ (English bear), a core IE concept for sustaining and offering. √mah (māmahantām) relates to PIE *megʰ- ‘great’ (cf. Greek megas). These roots support the semantic field of ‘carrying’ and ‘magnifying’ realizations.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- A collaborative covenant: the aspirant (‘we’) seeks to collect the achieved inner wealth through Soma’s clarifying action; in return, the universal guardians of ṛta (Mitra-Varuṇa) and the wideness of Aditi are invoked to increase and stabilize the attainment across the whole field of existence (Earth–Heaven, flowing Sindhu).
After invoking inner bliss, consciously ‘gather and arrange’ realizations: name them inwardly (peace, clarity, strength) and place them into life-areas.
Anahata (integration and harmony) and Ajna (ordering/discrimination).
Even-count breathing (e.g., 4-4-6) while mentally ‘collecting’ scattered energies into a central stream.
Quiet wideness with organized clarity.
1) Recall the purified sweetness (Soma). 2) Collect the day’s or session’s true gains. 3) Arrange them into intention and action. 4) Invoke Mitra (harmony) and Varuṇa (vast purity) to protect and expand. 5) Rest in Aditi-like wideness.
Rigvedic accenting per marked svaras (e.g., त्वया॑, पव॑मानेन); keep pitch discipline and avoid melodic drift.
Accentuate udātta on marked syllables; keep long compounds clear: pavamānena soma; mitro varuṇo.
Articulate ṇ in varuṇa and retroflex properly., Keep ‘Aditiḥ’ with clear short i and visarga:., Do not collapse consonant clusters: vi cinuyāma.
Calm, broad, sustaining—evoke wideness (Aditi) and flow (Sindhu).
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