Rig Veda 8.1.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 20
Sukta 8.1
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva tradition predominates in Maṇḍala 8; exact ṛṣi for 8.1 varies by Anukramaṇī—flagged as likely Kāṇva)
Devata: Indra (implied by surrounding verses and īśāna imagery)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (common in Indra hymns of Maṇḍala 8; flagged as probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा त्वा सोमस्य गल्दया सदा याचन्नहं गिरा । भूर्णिं मृगं न सवनेषु चुक्रुधं क ईशानं न याचिषत् ॥
Transliteration
mā́ tvā sómasya gáldayā sádā yā́can aháṃ girā́ | bhū́rṇiṃ mṛgáṃ ná saváneṣu cukrudhaṃ ká ī́śānaṃ ná yāciṣat ||
Translation
హే ప్రభూ! సోమపు స్వల్ప భాగంతో, నా వాక్స్తుతితో, నేను నిత్యం నిన్ను యాచించకుండునట్లు కావాలి; లేదంటే సవనాలలో చంచల మృగంలా నిన్ను కోపపెట్టివేయుదునేమో—ఎందుకంటే అధిపత్యాధీశ్వరుని ఎవరు యాచించరు?
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) अव्यय
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
सोमस्यof Soma
सोमस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootसोम
गल्दयाwith/through (Soma’s) ‘galda’ (a pressing/strain; ritual implement/means)
गल्दया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootगल्दा (गल्द-)
सदाalways
सदा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
याचन्begging/entreating
याचन्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootयाच्
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
गिराwith a hymn/voice
गिरा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्
भूर्णिम्the whirling/roaming one
भूर्णिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootभूर्णि
मृगम्a wild beast/deer
मृगम्:
कर्म (उपमान-सम्बन्धे)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग
नlike/as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सवनेषुin the pressings/at the Soma-pressings
सवनेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसवन
चुक्रुधम्I became angry / I raged
चुक्रुधम्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुध्
कःwho?
कः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्)
ईशानम्the lord/master
ईशानम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootईशान (ईश् ‘to rule’ से) अथवा ईशान-प्रातिपदिक
नlike/as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
याचिषत्begged/entreated
याचिषत्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
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