Rig Veda 5.42.13: Mandala 5, Sukta 42, Mantra 13

Sukta 5.42

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) — traditional attribution for RV 5.42

Devata: The Great/Good Refuge (contextually a high protecting power; possibly Bṛhaspati/Agni-like ‘refuge’); verse is programmatic about bringing medhā and new speech

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र सू महे सुशरणाय मेधां गिरं भरे नव्यसीं जायमानाम् । य आहना दुहितुर्वक्षणासु रूपा मिनानो अकृणोदिदं नः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.42.13

Transliteration

prá sū́ mahé suśaraṇā́ya medhā́ṃ gíraṃ bharé návyasīṃ jā́yamānām | yá āhanā́ duhítur vakṣaṇā́su rūpā́ minānáḥ ákṛṇod idáṃ naḥ ||

Translation

మహానునికీ, శుభశరణమునకీ నేను మేధా—ప్రేరిత బుద్ధిని—పుట్టుకొస్తున్న నూతన వాణిగా సమర్పిస్తున్నాను. అతడు, దుహితురి దోహనస్థానాలలో ప్రహరించి, రూపాలను మలిచి మారుస్తూ, ఇదంతా మా కొరకు నిర్మించాడు.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• सु: well, auspiciously
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (upasarga/avyaya)

• महे: I magnify / I worship
• महे: Kartā (implicit अहम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मह् (dhātu) / महे (tiṅ-form)

• सुशरणाय: for good protection / for a good refuge
• सुशरणाय: Sampradāna (goal/recipient)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-शरण (prātipadika)

• मेधाम्: wisdom, intelligence, inspired thought
• मेधाम्: Karma (object sought/borne forth)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधा (prātipadika)

• गिरम्: song, hymn, utterance
• गिरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर् (prātipadika)

• भरे: I bear / I bring
• भरे: Kartā (implicit अहम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (dhātu)

• नव्यसीम्: newer, very new
• नव्यसीम्: Viśeṣaṇa of गिरम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव्यस् (comparative prātipadika)

• जायमानाम्: being born, arising
• जायमानाम्: Viśeṣaṇa of गिरम्
• Type: Participle
• Root: जन् (dhātu) → जायमान (present participle)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (of following verb)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• आहना: the smiter, slayer (with ‘ā-’)
• आहना: Apposition to यः (Kartā)
• Type: Noun (agent/epithet)
• Root: आ-हन् (dhātu) → आहन्/आहना (agent-noun)

• दुहितुः: of the daughter
• दुहितुः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of the daughter)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुहितृ (prātipadika)

• वक्षणासु: in the breasts/udders
• वक्षणासु: Adhikaraṇa (location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वक्षणा (prātipadika)

• रूपा: forms, shapes
• रूपा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (prātipadika)

• मिनानः: measuring out / apportioning
• मिनानः: Kartā (concomitant action with following finite verb)
• Type: Participle
• Root: मि (dhātu) → मिनान (present participle)

• अकृणोत्: made, fashioned
• अकृणोत्: Kriyā (main verb); Kartā = यः/आहना
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (dhātu)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: Sampradāna/Ṣaṣṭhī (for us / of us; context favors ‘for us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)