Rig Veda 1.62.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 62, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.62

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Āṅgirasa)

Devata: Indra (hymn context), with wider reference to the Amṛtas guarding ṛta

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सनात्सनीळा अवनीरवाता व्रता रक्षन्ते अमृताः सहोभिः । पुरू सहस्रा जनयो न पत्नीर्दुवस्यन्ति स्वसारो अह्रयाणम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.62.10

Transliteration

sanā́t sanī́ḷā avánīr avātā́ vratā́ rakṣante amṛ́tāḥ sáhobhiḥ | purū́ sahásrā jánayo ná pátnīr duvasyánti svásāro áhrayāṇam ||

Translation

సనాతన కాలం నుంచే, ఒకే సామూహిక నివాసంలో, అమృత (అమర) శక్తులు—అచల, అవాత (గాలిచే కదలనివి)—తమ సహోబలంతో వ్రతాలను కాపాడుతాయి. వేల వేల జననులు, భార్యలవలె, సోదరీలవలె, అహ్రయాణ (అలసటలేని) ఏకునికి సేవచేస్తారు.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• सनात्: from of old, since ancient times
• सनात्: Adhikaraṇa (kāla-adhikaraṇa: temporal) / Apādāna-like (source in time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सनात् (avyaya; from prātipadika सनातन/सनात् ‘from of old’)

• सनीळाः: having a common nest/home; co-dwelling
• सनीळाः: Kartā (qualifier of subject ‘अवनीः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-नीळ (prātipadika; niḍa/नीळ ‘nest, home’ with prefix स- ‘with, having’)

• अवनीः: the streams/waters (also: earths/river-beds; here: flowing waters)
• अवनीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवनी (prātipadika)

• अवाताः: windless, without wind
• अवाताः: Kartā (qualifier of ‘अवनीः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वात (prātipadika; वात ‘wind’ with privative अ-)

• व्रतानि: ordinances, sacred laws/observances
• व्रतानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (prātipadika)

• रक्षन्ते: they protect/guard
• रक्षन्ते: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रक्ष् (रक्षँ) ‘to protect’

• अमृताः: the immortals (gods)
• अमृताः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (substantivized) / Noun
• Root: अ-मृत (prātipadika; √मृ ‘die’ with privative अ-)

• सहोभिः: with powers/mights
• सहोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस् (prātipadika)

• पुरु: much, many
• पुरु: (modifier)
• Type: Adjective (indeclinable in Vedic usage) / Indeclinable
• Root: पुरु (prātipadika)

• सहस्राः: thousands
• सहस्राः: Kartā (with ‘जनयः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (prātipadika)

• जनयः: mothers, begetters
• जनयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनय (prātipadika; from √जन् ‘beget’ > जननी/जनय ‘mother, begetter’; Vedic form)

• न: like, as
• न: (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• पत्नीः: wives
• पत्नीः: Karma (object of implied comparison: ‘like wives’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (prātipadika)

• दुवस्यन्ति: they serve/honor
• दुवस्यन्ति: (kriyā) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दुवस् (दुवस्यति) ‘to honor, serve, worship’

• स्वसारः: sisters
• स्वसारः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वसृ (prātipadika)

• अह्रयाणम्: the unshrinking one; the unbashful/undaunted (one)
• अह्रयाणम्: Karma (object of ‘दुवस्यन्ति’)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized) / Noun
• Root: अ-ह्रयाण (prātipadika; from √ह्रि/ह्रय ‘to be ashamed, shrink’ with privative अ-)