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Rig Veda 1.191.13: Mandala 1, Sukta 191, Mantra 13

Sukta 1.191

Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional; see note above)
Devata: Sūrya/Āditya with Madhu-transforming power; mantra emphasizes knowledge-as-mastery (nāma-grahaṇa)
Chandas: Jagatī or mixed (verify)

नवानां नवतीनां विषस्य रोपुषीणाम् । सर्वासामग्रभं नामारे अस्य योजनं हरिष्ठा मधु त्वा मधुला चकार ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.191.13

navānā́ṃ navatīnā́ṃ viṣásya ropúṣīṇām | sárvāsām agrabhaṃ nā́māré asyá yójanam hariṣṭhā́ mádhu tvā madhulā́ cakāra ||

విషపు నవానాం-నవతీనాం—తొంభై తొమ్మిది రకాలూ, వాటి రోపుషీ (ప్రసార-శాఖలు)యూ—అన్నిటి నామాన్ని నేను గ్రహించితిని. దానితో మా యోజనం దూరంగా ఉండుగాక. హరిష్ఠాలో స్థితమై, మధు నిన్ను మధురం చేయుగాక; మధులా నామ-జ్ఞానంతో సమస్త విషాక్తతను వశం చేయుగాక.

नवानाम्of nine (new)
नवानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootनव (प्रातिपदिक)
नवतीनाम्of ninety
नवतीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeNoun (numeral)
Rootनवति (प्रातिपदिक)
विषस्यof poison
विषस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootविष (प्रातिपदिक)
रोपुषीणाम्of the ‘रोपुषी’ (poisonous/afflicting ones; a class of harmful beings/plants)
रोपुषीणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootरोपुषी (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री)
सर्वासाम्of all
सर्वासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व (सर्वा-; सर्व-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्रभम्I seized / I took
अग्रभम्:
कर्तृ (speaker as agent)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु) < अ-ग्रह्
नामthe name
नाम:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अरेO! / hey!
अरे:
सम्बोधन
TypeIndeclinable (interjection/vocative particle)
Rootअरे (निपात/सम्बोधन)
अस्यof this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
योजनम्the yoking/setting-on; application (of the name)
योजनम्:
कर्म (object/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootयोजन (प्रातिपदिक)
हरिष्ठाmost tawny/yellow; very golden
हरिष्ठा:
विशेषण (to the addressed ‘त्वा’/entity)
TypeAdjective
Rootहरिष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक; superlative-like formation from हरि/हरित्)
मधुsweet; honey
मधु:
विशेषण/कर्म-विशेषण
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (object)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मधुलाthe sweet one; sweet
मधुला:
कर्तृ (as subject-epithet of the agent in next verb, i.e., ‘(she/it) the sweet one’)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुल (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sweet’)
चकारhas made / made
चकार:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)

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