Rig Veda 1.180.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 180, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.180

Rishi: Unknown/varied (Ashvin hymn tradition; requires external index for exact rishi of RV 1.180)

Devata: Aśvins (Nasatyas)

Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (uncertain; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

युवो रजांसि सुयमासो अश्वा रथो यद्वां पर्यर्णांसि दीयत् । हिरण्यया वां पवयः प्रुषायन्मध्वः पिबन्ता उषसः सचेथे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.180.1

Transliteration

yuvó rajā́ṃsi suyámāso áśvā rátho yád vāṃ páry arṇā́ṃsi dī́yat | hiraṇyáyā vāṃ paváyaḥ pruṣā́yan mádhvaḥ píbantā uṣásaḥ sacethe ||

Translation

మీ రథం ప్రవహించే ధారల చుట్టూ సంచరించినప్పుడు, మీ సుయమ (సుసంయత) అశ్వాలు లోకాలను దాటుతాయి. మీ చక్రాల పవులు స్వర్ణమయమైనవి; అవి కాంతిని చల్లుతాయి. మధువును పానంచేస్తూ, మీరు ఇద్దరూ ఉషస్సుతో సాంగత్యం చేస్తారు.

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Word by Word

• युवोः: of you two
• युवोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युव (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)

• रजांसि: the regions/realms (spaces)
• रजांसि: कर्म (object; with implied ‘to traverse/cover’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्

• सुयमासः: well-reined, well-controlled
• सुयमासः: विशेषण (of अश्वाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-यम (यम ‘rein/control’ → यम-; with सु- ‘well’)

• अश्वाः: horses
• अश्वाः: कर्तृ (agent; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व

• रथः: the chariot
• रथः: कर्तृ (agent; subject, coordinated with अश्वाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ

• यत्: when/that which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध/कर्म (relative ‘when/that which’ introducing clause)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद्

• वाम्: of you two / you two
• वाम्: सम्बन्ध (with रथः ‘your’)/कर्म (with पर्यर्णांसि)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• परि: around
• परि: क्रियाविशेषण (directional: ‘around, about’)
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: परि

• अर्णांसि: floods/waters, waves
• अर्णांसि: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ण

• दीयत्: was given / was bestowed
• दीयत्: क्रिया (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (दीयते) / √दा ‘to give’ in passive

• हि: for/indeed
• हि: सम्बन्धसूचक/हेतौ (emphatic/causal particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• हिरण्यया: with golden
• हिरण्यया: करण (instrumental; ‘with/by golden…’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्य

• वाम्: of you two
• वाम्: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• पवयः: fellies/rims (of the wheel)
• पवयः: कर्तृ (agent; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवि

• प्रुषायन्: sprinkling, spattering
• प्रुषायन्: कर्तृ (agent; agreeing with पवयः)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: प्रुष् (Vedic: ‘to sprinkle, to spurt’)

• मध्वः: of honey / from the sweet (mead)
• मध्वः: अपादान/सम्बन्ध (source/‘of’ honey-sweet drink)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु

• पिबन्ता: drinking
• पिबन्ता: कर्तृ (agent; ‘you two’)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: पा (पिबति)

• उषसः: the Dawns
• उषसः: सहकर्ता/सह (companions with सचेथे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्

• सचेथे: you two have accompanied/are associated with
• सचेथे: क्रिया (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सच् (Vedic: ‘to accompany, to be associated with’)