Valmiki Ramayana 2.53.32 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 53, Shloka 32

पञ्चाशत्तमः सर्गः (Sarga 53)

Rāma’s Lament, Vigil for Sītā, and Lakṣmaṇa’s Consolation

Devanagari script

नहि तातं न शत्रुघ्नं न सुमित्रां परन्तप।द्रष्टुमिच्छेयमद्याहं स्वर्गं चापि त्वया विना।।।।

Transliteration

nahi tātaṃ na śatrughnaṃ na sumitrāṃ parantapa | draṣṭum iccheyam adyāhaṃ svargaṃ cāpi tvayā vinā ||

Translation

హే పరంతపా! నీవు లేకుండా నేడు నేను తండ్రిని గానీ, శత్రుఘ్నుని గానీ, సుమిత్రను గానీ చూడాలని కోరను; స్వర్గాన్నికూడా కాదు।

Word by Word

• nahi: indeed not
• nahi: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na + hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात + अवधारण-निपात (na + hi)

• tātam: father
• tātam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• śatrughnam: Shatrughna
• śatrughnam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatrughna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• sumitrām: Sumitra
• sumitrām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumitrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• parantapa: O tormentor of foes
• parantapa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parantapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), ‘to see’

• iccheyam: I would desire
• iccheyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; निहित-निषेध (nahi ... iccheyam)

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (today/now)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• svargam: heaven
• svargam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svarga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (even/also)

• tvayā: with you
• tvayā: Sahakāraka (सह/सहयोग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• vinā: without
• vinā: Viyoga (वियोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vinā (अव्यय)
• Form: वियोगार्थक-अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable: without)

Context

Without you, O Rama, tormentor of enemies, I wish to see neither father nor Satrughna nor Sumitra nor even heaven itself!

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Rama
• Dasharatha (implied by tātam)
• Shatrughna
• Sumitra
• Svarga (Heaven)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma can demand prioritizing righteous companionship and service over even the highest personal rewards; loyalty to the dharmic person becomes the highest good.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa declares that, without Rāma, even family ties and the promise of heaven hold no attraction.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Single-minded dedication (ananya-bhakti-like loyalty) and renunciatory resolve.