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Atharva Veda 18.2.46 — Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 46

Sukta 2

प्रा॒णो अ॑पा॒नो व्या॒न आयु॒श्चक्षु॑र्दृ॒शये॒ सूर्या॑य । अप॑रिपरेण प॒था य॒मरा॑ज्ञः पि॒तॄन् ग॑च्छ

prāṇó apā́nó vyāná āyúś cákṣur dṛśáye sū́ryāya | ápari-pareṇa pathā́ yáma-rājñaḥ pitṝ́n gacha ||

Breath, out-breath, pervading breath; life, and the eye—to seeing, to the Sun: by the farther path, the path of King Yama, go thou unto the Fathers.

ప్రాణం, అపానం, వ్యానం; ఆయుష్యమూ కన్నూ—దర్శనార్థం, సూర్యునికై. యమరాజుని ఆ పరమ మార్గమున, పితృల యొద్దకు నీవు వెళ్లు.

प्राणःthe in-breath, vital breath
प्राणः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण (प्र + √अन् ‘श्वसिति’)
अपानःthe out-breath
अपानः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअपान (अप + √अन् ‘श्वसिति’)
व्यानःthe pervading breath
व्यानः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootव्यान (वि + √अन् ‘श्वसिति’)
आयुःlife, lifespan
आयुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
चक्षुःeye, sight
चक्षुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
दृशयेfor seeing, for vision
दृशये:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootदृशि (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिकम्) / √दृश् (सम्भाव्य व्युत्पत्तिः)
सूर्यायto/for the Sun
सूर्याय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
अपरिपरेणby a non-circuitous (direct)
अपरिपरेण:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootअपरिपर (प्रातिपदिकम्; ‘अ-’ + परि-पर)
पथाby the path
पथा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
यमराज्ञःof King Yama
यमराज्ञः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootयमराजन् (यम + राजन्)
पितॄन्the Fathers (ancestors)
पितॄन्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
गच्छgo
गच्छ:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√गम्

Rishi: Atharvanic funerary tradition (AV 18).

Devata: Yama (as path-lord), Pitṛs, Sūrya (recipient of sight), and the vital breaths as quasi-deities.

Chandas: Mixed/irregular (prose-like anuṣṭubh tendency; typical of directive funerary verses)

Primary: shanta

Secondary: karuna

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