Atharva Veda 15.2.22: Kanda 15, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 22

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

मा॒त॒रिश्वा॑ च॒ पव॑मानश्च विपथवा॒हौ वातः॒ सार॑थी रे॒ष्मा प्र॑तो॒दः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 15.2.22

IAST Transliteration

mātáriśvā ca pávamānaś ca vipatha-vāháu vā́taḥ sā́rathī reśmā́ pratodáḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Mātariśvan and Pavamāna are the two that bear along the wrong road; Wind is the charioteer, the rein, the goad.

Translation

మాతరిశ్వా, పవమానుడు—విపథంలో మోసుకుపోయే ఇద్దరు వాహకులు; వాయువు సారథి; ‘రేష్మా’ (లగ్గం); ‘ప్రతోద’ (చాబుక/అంకుశం).

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Word by Word

• मातरिश्वा: Mātariśvan (a divine wind/fire messenger)
• मातरिश्वा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: मातरिश्वन् (प्रातिपदिक) [= वायु/अग्नि-स्वरूप देवता]

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• पवमानः: Pavamāna (the purifying one; epithet of wind/Soma)
• पवमानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: पवमान (प्रातिपदिक; √पू/पु ‘to purify, to blow’ से ‘पवमान’ = ‘purifying/flowing’)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• विपथवाहौ: the two ‘path-bearers’/guides (dual epithet)
• विपथवाहौ: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (dual epithet)
• Root: विपथवाह (प्रातिपदिक; वि-पथ-वाह ‘carrying along wrong/various paths’)

• वातः: Wind
• वातः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक; √वा ‘to blow’)

• सारथी: charioteer, driver
• सारथी: कर्तृ/विशेषण-भावे
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारथि (प्रातिपदिक)

• रेष्मा: rein, bridle
• रेष्मा: कर्तृ/उपपद-विशेषण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेष्मन्/रेष्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘रेष्मा’ = नामरूप, ‘rein/bridle’)

• प्रतोदः: goad, whip
• प्रतोदः: कर्तृ/उपपद-विशेषण
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतोद (प्रातिपदिक; प्र-तुद् ‘to prick/urge’ से ‘goad’)

Attribution

Rishi: As in AV 15.2 catalogue tradition (variable).

Devata: Mātariśvan, Pavamāna, and Vāta (as guiding power).

Chandas: Catalogue-style, semi-metrical.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: shanta