Rig Veda 8.75.9: Mandala 8, Sukta 75, Mantra 9
Sukta 8.75
Rishi: Unknown/uncertain.
Devata: Agni (hymn context) as protector through hostile surround
Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh (requires verification).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा नः समस्य दूढ्यः परिद्वेषसो अंहतिः । ऊर्मिर्न नावमा वधीत् ॥
Transliteration
mā́ naḥ samásya dūḍhyàḥ pári-dveṣaso aṃhatíḥ | ū́rmir ná nā́vam ā́ vadhīt ||
Translation
Да не поразит нас сокрушающий натиск окружающих ненавистников в теснине общего сражения — как волна бьёт лодью.
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā́ (prohibitive particle)
नःto us / of us
नः:
Sampradāna (हित/अहित-सम्बन्ध) / सम्बन्ध (gen.)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रथमपुरुष सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
समस्यof the same (one) / of that (equal)
समस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसमस् (प्रातिपदिक) / सम (विशेषण)
दूढ्यःhard/hostile (lit. difficult; Vedic epithet)
दूढ्यः:
Kartā (यदि ‘अंहतिः’ के साथ विशेषण-सम्बन्ध) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective (Kṛdanta)
Rootदुह् (धातु) → क्त/क्तिन्-आधारित कृदन्त; वैदिक ‘दूढ्य’ (दुह्/दोह् से) ‘दुह्य/दूढ्य’
परिद्वेषसःencircling hatreds / surrounding hostilities
परिद्वेषसः:
Kartā/हेतु (agent-like plural subject with following predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootपरि-द्विष् (धातु) → ‘द्वेषस्’ (प्रातिपदिक, नपुंसक) + परि- (उपसर्ग) → ‘परिद्वेषस्’
अंहतिःharm, injury
अंहतिः:
Kartā (मुख्य कर्तृ/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootअंह्/अह् (धातु ‘to press, injure’) → ‘अंहति’ (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक)
ऊर्मिःa wave
ऊर्मिः:
Kartā (उपमा-विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootऊर्मि (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा/निपात)
नावम्a boat
नावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनौ (प्रातिपदिक) → नाव (स्त्री.)
आupon, toward
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वधीत्should strike / harm
वधीत्:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवध् (धातु ‘to strike, slay’)
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