Rig Veda 8.10.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 10, Mantra 5
Sukta 8.10
Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage; hymn context)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदद्याश्विनावपाग्यत्प्राक्स्थो वाजिनीवसू । यद्द्रुह्यव्यनवि तुर्वशे यदौ हुवे वामथ मा गतम् ॥
Transliteration
yád adyā́śvināv apā́g yát prā́k stho vājinīvasū | yád druhyávy ánavi turváśe yádau huvé vām átha mā́ ā́ gatam ||
Translation
Если ныне, о Ашвины, вы отвернулись, или если вы далеко на востоке, о владыки изобилия силы; если вы у Друхью, у Ану или у Турваши, — то, когда я зову вас, не замедлите прийти ко мне.
Word by Word
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
अश्विनौthe two Aśvins
अश्विनौ:
Kartā (of implied coming/being invoked)
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अपागिaway, aside, backwards
अपागि:
Adhikaraṇa (direction)
TypeIndeclinable (directional adverb)
Rootअप + अञ्च् (धातु) → अपाञ्च्/अपाग् (directional)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्राक्forward, in front, eastward
प्राक्:
Adhikaraṇa (direction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक् (अव्यय; from प्राञ्च्)
स्थःyou two stand/are stationed
स्थः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
वाजिनीवसूO two rich in prize-winning steeds (wealthy in ‘vājin’ power)
वाजिनीवसू:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवाजिनीवस् (प्रातिपदिक; वाजिन् + वसु)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
द्रुह्यौ(the) Druhyu (tribe/king)
द्रुह्यौ:
Karma
TypeProper noun (tribe)
Rootद्रुह्यु (प्रातिपदिक; tribal name)
अव्यनविhe/it assailed, oppressed
अव्यनवि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअव + यम्/यन् (धातु) → अव्यनवि (RV aorist/preterite form)
तुर्वशेin/against Turvaśa (tribe/king)
तुर्वशे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeProper noun (tribe)
Rootतुर्वश (प्रातिपदिक; tribal name)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
औindeed/oh (particle)
औ:
—
TypeParticle
Rootउ (अव्यय; exclamatory/particle)
हुवेI invoke
हुवे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहू (धातु)
वाम्you two
वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अथthen/now
अथ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध-अव्यय)
गतम्come (you two)
गतम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
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