Rig Veda 4.23.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 8
Sukta 4.23
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for RV 4.23)
Devata: Ṛta / Satya principle (impersonal divine law), with implied Indraic force of truth-utterance
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse-level verification needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋतस्य हि शुरुधः सन्ति पूर्वीॠतस्य धीतिर्वृजिनानि हन्ति । ऋतस्य श्लोको बधिरा ततर्द कर्णा बुधानः शुचमान आयोः ॥
Transliteration
ṛtásya hí śuru-dháḥ sánti pūrvī́ḥ | ṛtásya dhītír vṛjinā́ni hanti | ṛtásya ślókō badhirā́ tatarda kárṇā budhānā́ḥ śucámāna āyóḥ ||
Translation
Ибо у ṛta — древние твердыни; мысль ṛta поражает кривизны. Слово ṛta пронзает глухоту; пробуждая уши, оно очищает в железной стойкости жизненной силы.
Word by Word
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order / truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋ- ‘to go, to fit’; ‘cosmic order, truth’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
शुरुधःdefences / strongholds
शुरुधः:
कर्तृ (of ‘सन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootशुरुध् (प्रातिपदिक; RV) (सम्भवतः ‘शु-’ + √रुध् ‘to obstruct/hold back’ → ‘barrier/defence/stronghold’)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू-सत्तायाम्)
पूर्वीःmany/ancient, former
पूर्वीः:
विशेषण (of ‘शुरुधः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतस्यof ṛta
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
धीतिḥthought, insight, prayerful vision
धीतिḥ:
कर्तृ (of ‘हन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootधीति (प्रातिपदिक) < √धी (धी- ‘to think, perceive’)
वृजिनानिcrookednesses, sins, harms
वृजिनानि:
कर्म (of ‘हन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootवृजिन (प्रातिपदिक)
हन्तिstrikes down, destroys
हन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हिंसायाम्)
ऋतस्यof ṛta
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
श्लोकःproclamation, hymn, fame
श्लोकः:
कर्तृ (of ‘ततर्द’)
TypeNoun
Rootश्लोक (प्रातिपदिक) < √श्रु/√श्लोक? (RV ‘fame/renown, proclamation, hymn-utterance’)
बधिराःthe deaf (ones)
बधिराः:
कर्म (of ‘ततर्द’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootबधिर (प्रातिपदिक)
ततर्दhas pierced/overcome
ततर्द:
—
TypeVerb
Root√तृद्/√तर्द् (भेदन-आघातयोः ‘to pierce, thrust, overcome’)
कर्णाःears
कर्णाः:
कर्म (of implied ‘(कर्णान्) …’) / object with participle
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
बुधानःawakening, becoming aware
बुधानः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (agent described as ‘awakening/understanding’)
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Rootबुधान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < √बुध् (अवबोधने)
शुचमानःshining, purifying
शुचमानः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Rootशुचमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < √शुच् (दीप्तौ/शोचने ‘to shine, be bright/pure’)
आयोःof life, of lifetime
आयोः:
सम्बन्ध/अधिकारण (contextual)
TypeNoun
Rootआयु (प्रातिपदिक)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.