Rig Veda 9.81.3 — Mandala 9, Sukta 81, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.81

Rishi: Not securely inferable from the excerpt alone.

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (addressed as Soma/Indu).

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ नः सोम पवमानः किरा वस्विन्दो भव मघवा राधसो महः । शिक्षा वयोधो वसवे सु चेतुना मा नो गयमारे अस्मत्परा सिचः ॥

Transliteration

ā́ naḥ soma pavamānaḥ kirā́ vásv índo bháva maghávā rā́dhaso maháḥ | śíkṣā vayodhó vásave sú cetúnā mā́ no gáyam ā́re asmát pará̄ sicaḥ ||

Translation

Vem a nós, ó Soma, Pavāmāna, e espalha a riqueza; ó Indu, torna-te para nós um generoso doador de grande plenitude. Ensina-nos o aumento da vida e da força com clara visão; não derrames o nosso ganho para longe de nós.

Word by Word

• आ: hither; towards (us)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) / ā (avyaya)

• नः: for us; our
• नः: Sampradāna (recipient/beneficiary marker in sense) / Possessor
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• सोम: O Soma
• सोम: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- (prātipadika)

• पवमानः: purifying; self-purifying (as it flows)
• पवमानः: Kartā (agent, as epithet of Soma)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √पू (pū ‘to purify’) → पवमान- (present participle Ātmanepada)

• किर: pour forth; scatter
• किर: Kriyā (verbal action); Soma as Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कॄ/किर् (kir ‘to scatter, pour, strew’)

• वसु: wealth; good things
• वसु: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु-

• इन्दो: O Indu (Soma-drop)
• इन्दो: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु-

• भव: become; be
• भव: Kriyā (injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (bhū ‘to be, become’)

• मघवा: bountiful; generous
• मघवा: Kartā (as predicate of Soma) / Sambandha
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मघवन्-

• राधसः: of bounty; of gift/wealth
• राधसः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधस्-

• महः: of greatness; of great might
• महः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत् / मह- (as neuter ‘greatness, might’)

• शिक्ष: grant; make (us) able; instruct
• शिक्ष: Kriyā (injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शिक्ष् (śikṣ ‘to train, instruct; to make able; to bestow skillfully’)

• वयोधः: vital strength; life-sustaining power
• वयोधः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वयो-धस्- (compound: वयस् ‘vital strength/age’ + धस् ‘placing/putting; bestowal’)

• वसवे: for wealth; for the beneficent (end)
• वसवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु-

• सु: well; excellently
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (prefix/particle)

• चेतुना: with insight; with wise intent
• चेतुना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेतु- (from √चित् ‘to perceive, notice, intend’)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (prohibitive particle)

• नः: us
• नः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• गयमारे: in ruin; in loss/destruction
• गयमारे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गय-मार- (compound; ‘loss/destruction of life/wealth’, lit. ‘going-to-loss/death’)

• अस्मत्: from us
• अस्मत्: Apādāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• परा: away
• परा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परा (upasarga/avyaya)

• सिचः: pour; sprinkle
• सिचः: Kriyā (injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सिच् (sic ‘to pour, sprinkle’)