Rig Veda 5.74.9 — Mandala 5, Sukta 74, Mantra 9
Sukta 5.74
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional attribution for many Aśvin hymns in Maṇḍala 5; exact verse-level attribution may follow the sūkta’s r̥ṣi)
Devata: Aśvinau (the twin divine healers/saviours; Nāsatyā)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse length and cadence align with triṣṭubh usage in adjacent Aśvin material, but requires pada-count verification from a critical text)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
शमू षु वां मधूयुवास्माकमस्तु चर्कृतिः । अर्वाचीना विचेतसा विभिः श्येनेव दीयतम् ॥
Transliteration
śamū́ ṣú vāṃ madhūyuvāsmā́kam astu carkṛtíḥ | arvācīnā́ vicetasā víbhiḥ śyénā iva dīyatam ||
Translation
Ó Aśvins, jovens no deleite do mel, que o vosso auxílio atuante seja para nós paz e inteireza. Voltados para nós, ó de amplo discernimento, vinde velozes com os vossos poderes, como o falcão em sua descida segura.
Word by Word
शम्well; auspiciously; for welfare
शम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक; PIE *ḱem- ‘calm/peace’)
ऊँindeed; O!
ऊँ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊँ (निपात)
सुwell; very
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वाम्you two
वाम्:
Karma (with implied verb ‘be/come’ etc.)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मधूयुवाO you two honey-sweet/pleasant young ones
मधूयुवा:
Sambodhana (addressing the two deities) / Kartā (if taken as subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधु + युवन् (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
अस्माकम्of us; our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive of possession)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
— (copula)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
चर्कृतिःactive doing; effective action; (our) well-wrought deed
चर्कृतिः:
Kartā/Predicate-noun (what is to be ‘be’)
TypeNoun
Root√कृ (धातु) → चर्कृति- (कृदन्त/नाम; intensive/reduplicated formation)
अर्वाचीनाःturned hither; coming this way
अर्वाचीनाः:
Kartā (as subject of ‘दीयतम्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्वाचीन (प्रातिपदिक) < अवर्/अर्वाच् ‘towards here’
विचेतसाःdiscerning; wise
विचेतसाः:
Kartā (coordinated subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootवि- + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘discerning’
विभिःwith the birds (i.e., as with winged ones)
विभिः:
Karaṇa (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootवि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bird’, esp. a flying creature) / or ‘विभि’ as instr. pl. of ‘वि’ in RV usage
श्येनेवlike (with the speed of) a falcon
श्येनेव:
Karaṇa/Upamāna (comparative instrument)
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootश्येन (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (निपात)
दीयतम्be bestowed; be granted; be given
दीयतम्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु) ‘to give’ (passive/impersonal injunctive/imperative usage in RV)
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