Rig Veda 5.35.4: Mandala 5, Sukta 35, Mantra 4

Sukta 5.35

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (verify via Anukramaṇī)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वृषा ह्यसि राधसे जज्ञिषे वृष्णि ते शवः । स्वक्षत्रं ते धृषन्मनः सत्राहमिन्द्र पौंस्यम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.35.4

Transliteration

vṛ́ṣā hí asi rā́dhase jajñiṣé vṛ́ṣṇi te śávaḥ | svákṣatraṁ te dhṛ́ṣan mánaḥ satrā́ham indra páuṁsyam ||

Translation

Pois tu és o Touro do poder; para conceder a plenitude vieste à manifestação. Potente é a tua força; firme é o teu reinado próprio (svakṣatra), ousada a tua mente. Ininterrupta e constante, ó Indra, é em nós a tua energia viril.

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Word by Word

• वृषा: bull; the strong one
• वृषा: Kartā (predicate-nominative addressing Indra)
• Type: Noun (used adjectivally)
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष् (वर्षणे/वृषणे) ‘to be strong, to rain/impel’

• हि: indeed; for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• असि: you are
• असि: — (copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू) ‘to be’

• राधसे: for bounty; for giving
• राधसे: Sampradāna (dative: ‘for bounty/for giving’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘gift, bounty, favor’

• जज्ञिषे: you have been born; you are born
• जज्ञिषे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् ‘to be born’ (perfect middle with desiderative/iterative nuance in Vedic usage)

• वृष्णि: in vigor; in manly strength
• वृष्णि: Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘in/with respect to vigor’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्णि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘manly power, vigor; of the strong one’

• ते: your
• ते: — (genitive: possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शवः: strength; might
• शवः: Kartā (subject of implied ‘is’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘strength, might’

• स्वक्षत्रम्: self-sovereignty; own lordly power
• स्वक्षत्रम्: Kartā (predicate-nominative of ‘your … is’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: स्व-क्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘own dominion/sovereign power’

• ते: your
• ते: — (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• धृषन्मनः: bold mind; daring spirit
• धृषन्मनः: Kartā (subject/predicate: ‘your mind is bold’)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: धृषन्-मनस् (समास) : धृषन् (present participle/adjectival stem from √धृष् ‘to dare, be bold’) + मनस् ‘mind’

• सत्रा: always; continually
• सत्रा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सत्रा (अव्यय) ‘always, altogether, continuously’

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā (speaker as subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: — (address)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• पौंस्यम्: manliness; heroic vigor
• पौंस्यम्: Karma (object of implied verb like ‘praise/seek/declare’ in Vedic ellipsis)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौंस्य (प्रातिपदिक) < पुम्स्/पुंस् ‘man’ (derivative meaning ‘manliness, male vigor’)