Rig Veda 4.7.10: Mandala 4, Sukta 7, Mantra 10

Sukta 4.7

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)

Devata: Agni (intensified by Vāta)

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सद्यो जातस्य ददृशानमोजो यदस्य वातो अनुवाति शोचिः । वृणक्ति तिग्मामतसेषु जिह्वां स्थिरा चिदन्ना दयते वि जम्भैः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.7.10

Transliteration

sadyó jātásya dadṛśānám ójo yád asya vā́to anu-vā́ti śocíḥ | vṛṇákti tigmā́m ataseṣú jihvā́ṃ sthirā́ cíd ánnā dayate ví jámbhaiḥ ||

Translation

Logo ao nascer, vê-se o seu poder: quando o Vento sopra ao longo da sua chama, ele estende a língua afiada; até os alimentos firmes ele despedaça com as suas mandíbulas.

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Word by Word

• सद्यः: immediately, at once
• सद्यः: Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < सद्य (तत्क्षण)

• जातस्य: of the newly-born
• जातस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the born/newly-born’
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: √जन् (जायते) → जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• ददृशानम्: seen/appearing (manifest)
• ददृशानम्: Karma (द्वितीया) — object of an implied perception/description
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: √दृश् (पश्यति) → ददृशान (कृदन्त)

• ओजः: might, strength
• ओजः: Kartā (प्रथमा) — subject (‘power/might’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: when; that which
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa (निमित्त/काल-सम्बन्ध) — introduces relative clause
• Type: Indeclinable/Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्य: of him/it
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of him/it’
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्/अस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘this/he’)

• वातः: wind
• वातः: Kartā — subject of अनु-√वा
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनुवाति: blows along, follows blowing
• अनुवाति: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-√वा (वाति)

• शोचिः: flame, blaze
• शोचिः: Kartā/सहकर्ता — co-subject with वातः (wind and flame)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोचिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृणक्ति: turns, bends
• वृणक्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृज्/√वृञ्ज् (वृणक्ति ‘to turn/choose; here: to bend/turn’)

• तिग्माम्: sharp, keen
• तिग्माम्: Karma — qualifies जिह्वाम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तिग्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• अतसेषु: in/among the flax-stalks (linens)
• अतसेषु: Adhikaraṇa (स्थानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतस (प्रातिपदिक)

• जिह्वाम्: tongue (of flame)
• जिह्वाम्: Karma — object of वृणक्ति
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्थिरा: firm, steady
• स्थिरा: Kartā — agrees with (जिह्वा) understood as subject in next clause
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थिर (प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even
• चित्: — (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• अन्ना: foods; fuel (things to be eaten/burnt)
• अन्ना: Kartā — subject of दयते (‘foods/fuels’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• दयते: yields, gives way, is apportioned
• दयते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दय् (दयते ‘to divide/apportion; to yield/give way’ in Vedic)

• वि: apart, asunder
• वि: — (modifies following instrumental)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• जम्भैः: with jaws; with teeth (biting parts)
• जम्भैः: Karaṇa (instrument) — ‘with jaws/teeth’
• Type: Noun
• Root: जम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)