Rig Veda 10.39.12: Mandala 10, Sukta 39, Mantra 12

Sukta 10.39

Devata: Aśvinau (with Rbhus and solar/dawn powers referenced)

Chandas: Jagati (probable for many Aśvin hymns; exact metrical confirmation needed)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ तेन यातं मनसो जवीयसा रथं यं वामृभवश्चक्रुरश्विना । यस्य योगे दुहिता जायते दिव उभे अहनी सुदिने विवस्वतः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.39.12

Transliteration

ā́ téna yātaṃ mánaso javī́yasā ráthaṃ yáṃ vām ṛbhávaś cakrúr aśvinā | yásya yóge duhitā́ jā́yate divá ubhé áhanī sudíne vivásvataḥ ||

Translation

Vinde nesse carro mais veloz que a mente, ó Aśvins — o carro que os Rbhus vos moldaram. No seu jugo nasce a Filha do Céu: os dois Dias, luminosos com boa luz do dia, do resplandecente Vivasvat.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither; towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• तेन: with that; thereby
• तेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्

• यातम्: come (you two)!
• यातम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)

• मनसः: of the mind
• मनसः: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्

• जवीयसā: with greater swiftness; swifter
• जवीयसā: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जवīयस् (तुलनात्मक-विशेषण)

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ

• यम्: which
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• वाम्: of you two; for you two
• वाम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• ऋभवः: the Ṛbhus (divine artisans)
• ऋभवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभु

• चक्रुः: have made
• चक्रुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (करोति)

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (you two horsemen)
• अश्विना: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्विन्

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• योगे: in the yoking; at the harnessing
• योगे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग

• दुहिता: the daughter
• दुहिता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुहितृ

• जायते: is born; arises
• जायते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (जायते)

• दिवः: from heaven; of heaven
• दिवः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (दिव् as noun ‘heaven’)

• उभे: both
• उभे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (numeral-like)
• Root: उभ

• अहनी: days (day-and-night pair)
• अहनी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्

• सुदिने: in a good day; on an auspicious day
• सुदिने: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: सु-दिन

• विवस्वतः: of Vivasvat (the shining one; Sun)
• विवस्वतः: —
• Type: Noun/Adjective (proper epithet)
• Root: विवस्वत्