Niralamba Upanishad: Verse 39

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

संन्यासीति च सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य निर्ममो निरहङ्कारो भूत्वा ब्रह्मेष्टं शरणमुपगम्य ‘तत्त्वमसि’, ‘अहं ब्रह्मास्मि’, ‘सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म’, ‘नेह नानास्ति किञ्चन’ इत्यादिमहावाक्यार्थानुभवज्ञानाद् ‘ब्रह्मैवाहमस्मि’ इति निश्चित्य निर्विकल्पसमाधिना स्वतन्त्रो यतिश्चरति स संन्यासी स मुक्तः स पूज्यः स योगी स परमहंसः सोऽवधूतः स ब्राह्मण इति ॥३९॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

संन्यासी इति च । सर्व-धर्मान् परित्यज्य । निर्ममः निरहङ्कारः भूत्वा । ब्रह्म-इष्टम् शरणम् उपगम्य । तत्त्वम् असि । अहम् ब्रह्म अस्मि । सर्वम् खलु इदम् ब्रह्म । न इह नाना अस्ति किञ्चन । इति-आदि-महावाक्य-अर्थ-अनुभव-ज्ञानात् । ब्रह्म एव अहम् अस्मि इति निश्चित्य । निर्विकल्प-समाधिना । स्वतन्त्रः यतिः चरति । सः संन्यासी । सः मुक्तः । सः पूज्यः । सः योगी । सः परमहंसः । सः अवधूतः । सः ब्राह्मणः इति ॥३९॥

Recitation with translationNiralamba Upanishad 39

IAST Transliteration

saṃnyāsīti ca sarva-dharmān parityajya nirmamo nirahaṅkāro bhūtvā brahmeṣṭaṃ śaraṇam upagamya ‘tattvam asi’, ‘ahaṃ brahmāsmi’, ‘sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma’, ‘neha nānāsti kiñcana’ ityādi-mahāvākya-artha-anubhava-jñānād ‘brahmaivāham asmi’ iti niścitya nirvikalpa-samādhinā svatantraḥ yatiś carati sa saṃnyāsī sa muktaḥ sa pūjyaḥ sa yogī sa paramahaṃsaḥ so’vadhūtaḥ sa brāhmaṇa iti ||39||

Translation

"Wyrzeczony" to ten, kto porzuciwszy wszystkie obowiązki, stając się bez posiadania i bez ego, zbliża się do Brahmana jako umiłowanego schronienia; i przez doświadczalną wiedzę znaczeń wielkich powiedzeń - "Ty jesteś Tym", "Ja jestem Brahmanem", "Wszystko to zaprawdę jest Brahmanem", "Tu nie ma żadnej wielości" i tym podobnych - ustala, "Tylko Brahmanem jestem ja". Ugruntowany w nirvikalpa-samādhi, mnich porusza się niezależnie. On jest wyrzeczonym; on jest wyzwolony; on jest godzien czci; on jest joginem; on jest paramahaṃsą; on jest avadhūtą; on jest brāhmaṇą - tak.

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Academic Translation

‘Renunciant’—having abandoned all duties, becoming without possessiveness and without egoism, and having approached Brahman, the desired refuge; through experiential knowledge of the meanings of the great sayings such as ‘That thou art’, ‘I am Brahman’, ‘All this indeed is Brahman’, ‘Here there is no plurality whatsoever’, having ascertained ‘I am Brahman alone’, he, a mendicant, moves about independently through nirvikalpa-samādhi. He is a renunciant; he is liberated; he is worthy of worship; he is a yogin; he is a paramahaṃsa; he is an avadhūta; he is a brāhmaṇa—thus.

Verse Context

• Saṃnyāsa as jñāna-niṣṭhā; mokṣa through Mahāvākya-anubhava; nirvikalpa-samādhi; jīvanmukti
• Mahavakya: Explicitly cites multiple Mahāvākyas: ‘tat tvam asi’ (ChU 6.8.7), ‘ahaṃ brahmāsmi’ (BU 1.4.10), ‘sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma’ (ChU 3.14.1), ‘neha nānāsti kiñcana’ (BU 4.4.19). Presents their arthānubhava (realized meaning) as the basis for ‘brahmaivāham asmi’ certainty.
• Atharva
• Chandas: Prose