Rig Veda 8.33.10: Mandala 8, Sukta 33, Mantra 10
Sukta 8.33
Rishi: Unknown (hymn-level attribution required for RV 8.33)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सत्यमित्था वृषेदसि वृषजूतिर्नोऽवृतः । वृषा ह्युग्र शृण्विषे परावति वृषो अर्वावति श्रुतः ॥
Transliteration
satyám itthā́ vṛṣédasi vṛ́ṣajūtir no ’vṛ́taḥ | vṛ́ṣā hy ugra śṛṇviṣe parāváti vṛ́ṣo arvāváti śrutáḥ ||
Translation
Prawdziwie, tak jesteś bykiem mocy; bycza pędna siła nie jest nam odmawiana. Jesteś bowiem, o groźny, bykiem, który słyszy, usłyszany w dali, usłyszany w bliskości.
Word by Word
सत्यम्truth; truly
सत्यम्:
कर्म (वाक्य-क्रियाविशेषणवत् ‘सत्यं’ = ‘truly’)
TypeNoun (abstract)/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक; √अस् > सत् + -य)
इत्थाthus; in this way
इत्था:
कर्म (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
वृषेO Bull (mighty one)
वृषे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
दसिyou give
दसि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दास् (दास्/दासति ‘to give’)
वृषजूतिःwhose impulse is mighty; strong-driving
वृषजूतिः:
कर्तृ (अभिधेय/विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeNoun (compound epithet)
Rootवृष-जूति (समास; वृष ‘bull/strong’ + जूति ‘impulse/speed’)
नःof us; for us
नः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (our/for us)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
आवृतःencompassing; covering
आवृतः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (देवस्य)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√वृ (आ-√वृ ‘to cover/enclose’; past passive participle)
वृषाthe Bull; the mighty one
वृषा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषन्
हिindeed; for
हि:
हेतु/निपात (emphatic/causal particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
उग्रO fierce one
उग्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (used as vocative)
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
शृण्विषेyou hear; you listen
शृण्विषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (शृणुते ‘to hear’; Vedic middle)
परावतिin the far distance
परावति:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun/Adverbial locative
Rootपरावत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘far away’)
वृषःthe Bull; the mighty one
वृषः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषन्
अर्वावतिnearby; in nearness
अर्वावति:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun/Adverbial locative
Rootअर्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘near, close by’)
श्रुतःheard; renowned / listened-to
श्रुतः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√श्रु (PPP)
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