Rig Veda 8.1.2: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 2

Sukta 8.1

Rishi: Kaṇva (probable for 8.1; flagged)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī or mixed (flagged as uncertain for this specific verse)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अवक्रक्षिणं वृषभं यथाजुरं गां न चर्षणीसहम् । विद्वेषणं संवननोभयंकरं मंहिष्ठमुभयाविनम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.1.2

Transliteration

avakrakṣíṇaṃ vṛṣabháṃ yathā́júraṃ gā́m ná carṣaṇī-sáham | vidvéṣaṇaṃ saṃvánano-bhayaṃkaráṃ maṃhíṣṭham ubhayā́vinam ||

Translation

Indra jest Bykiem, który spycha w dół wrogi nacisk, niewyczerpany w swoim pędzie, potężny jak silna bestia wśród ludów. Rozpuszcza wrogości, wymusza zjednoczenie, może przynieść lęk obu stronom, a jednak jest najhojniejszy, utrzymując i wypełniając obie moce w nas, gdy się do niego zwracamy.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• अवक्रक्षिणम्: croaking/roaring (loud-voiced)
• अवक्रक्षिणम्: कर्म (स्तुत्य-देवता/इन्द्रम् प्रति विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव-क्रक्षि (√क्रक्ष्/क्रक्ष् ‘to croak/cry out’, with preverb अव-) / प्रातिपदिक: अवक्रक्षिन्

• वृषभम्: bull (strong one)
• वृषभम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथाजुरम्: as (one) unaging/unyielding
• यथाजुरम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + अजुर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘unaging/unyielding’)

• गाम्: cow
• गाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like/as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• चर्षणीसहम्: overpowering men/peoples
• चर्षणीसहम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चर्षणी (प्रातिपदिक ‘men/peoples’) + सह (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त ‘able to overcome/endure’) → समास: चर्षणी-सह

• विद्वेषणम्: hostile; hate-causing/foe-fighting
• विद्वेषणम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-√द्विष् (द्वेष ‘to hate’) → कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक: विद्वेषण

• संवनन-उभयंकऱम्: uniting, making both sides (favourable)
• संवनन-उभयंकऱम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-√वन्/√वन् (to win/bring together) → संवणन/संवनन (प्रातिपदिक ‘uniting/bringing together’) + उभयंकऱ (प्रातिपदिक ‘making both (sides)’)

• मंहिष्ठम्: most bountiful
• मंहिष्ठम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मंह (प्रातिपदिक ‘bounty/abundance’) + इष्ठ (तमप्-प्रत्यय; superlative)

• उभयाविनम्: helping both (sides); favourable to both
• उभयाविनम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभय (प्रातिपदिक ‘both’) + आविन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘helping/favouring’, from √अव् ‘to help/protect’) → उभय-आविन्