Rig Veda 1.182.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 182, Mantra 6
Sukta 1.182
Rishi: Agastya Māna (traditional for this Aśvin cluster; confirm via Anukramaṇī for RV 1.182)
Devata: Aśvinau (Nāsatyā)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अवविद्धं तौग्र्यमप्स्वन्तरनारम्भणे तमसि प्रविद्धम् । चतस्रो नावो जठलस्य जुष्टा उदश्विभ्यामिषिताः पारयन्ति ॥
Transliteration
ávaviddhaṃ taugryám apsv àntar anārambhaṇé támási práviddham | cátasro nā́vo jáṭhalasya júṣṭā úd aśvibhyām iṣitā́ḥ pāráyanti ||
Translation
Taugrya, strącony w głąb wód, pogrążył się w ciemności bez oparcia, cztery łodzie, drogie Dżathali, pędzone przez impuls Aszwinów, przenoszą go na drugą stronę.
Word by Word
अवविद्धम्pierced, struck, wounded
अवविद्धम्:
कर्म (of an implied verb ‘to find/see/know’ etc.; qualifies the object) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√व्यध् (विध्) / वि-√व्यध् (प्र-वि-√व्यध्) (PPP)
तौग्र्यम्Tugra’s; belonging to Tugra (i.e., Bhujyu, son of Tugra)
तौग्र्यम्:
विशेषण (qualifies the following/understood noun; here the ‘Tugra’s (son)’ i.e., Bhujyu) / कर्म
TypeAdjective (gentilic/relational)
Rootतौग्र्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of Tugra/related to Tugra’)
अप्सुin the waters
अप्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootअप्- (स्त्री; ‘water’)
अन्तःwithin, inside
अन्तः:
अधिकरण (locative sense with अप्सु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः (अव्यय) / अन्तर्- (as indeclinable)
अनारम्भणेin the (place/state) without support; in the unsupported (depth)
अनारम्भणे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun/Adjective (substantivized)
Rootअनारम्भण- (प्रातिपदिक; a ‘support/hold’; with privative अ-)
तमसिin darkness
तमसि:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्- (नपुंसक; ‘darkness’)
प्रविद्धम्thoroughly pierced; grievously struck
प्रविद्धम्:
कर्म (re-stating/intensifying the condition of the same object) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootप्र-वि-√व्यध् (विध्) (PPP)
चतस्रःfour
चतस्रः:
कर्तृ (agrees with नावः)
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootचतुर्- (संख्या) → चतस्र- (fem. nom. pl.)
नावःboats, ships
नावः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनौ- (स्त्री; ‘boat, ship’)
जठलस्यof Jathala (name/epithet)
जठलस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of Jathala’)
TypeNoun (proper name) / Adjective
Rootजठल- (प्रातिपदिक; proper name/epithet) अथवा जठर-सम्बद्ध (uncertain)
जुष्टाःfavored, chosen, well-pleasing
जुष्टाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√जुष् (to enjoy/favor) → जुष्ट- (PPP) अथवा जुष्ट (adj.)
उद्up, out, forth
उद्:
(with पारयन्ति: directional ‘up/out/over’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootउद् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अश्विभ्याम्by the Aśvins (the two horsemen gods)
अश्विभ्याम्:
करण (agent-instrumental: ‘by/through the Aśvins’)
TypeNoun (deity name)
Rootअश्विन्- (द्विवचन-देवता; ‘the Aśvins’)
इषिताःimpelled, set in motion
इषिताः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√इष् (to set in motion/impel) → इषित- (PPP) अथवा √इष्/√इष् (caus. sense)
पारयन्तिthey carry across; they ferry over
पारयन्ति:
क्रिया (with कर्तृ ‘नावः’) and कर्म implied ‘him’ (Bhujyu)
TypeVerb
Root√पॄ/√पॄ (पारयति: causative of √पॄ ‘to carry across, bring over’)
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