Valmiki Ramayana 2.45.3: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 3

अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः · The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile

Setting: Ayodhya

Devanagari script

अयोध्यानिलयानां हि पुरुषाणां महायशाः ।

बभूव गुणसम्पन्नः पूर्णचन्द्र इव प्रियः ॥३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.45.3

Transliteration

ayodhyānilayānāṁ hi puruṣāṇāṁ mahāyaśāḥ |

babhūva guṇasampannaḥ pūrṇacandra iva priyaḥ ||3||

Translation

Dla mężczyzn mieszkających w Ajodhji, słynny Rama, obfitujący w cnoty, był umiłowany jak pełnia księżyca.

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Word by Word

• ayodhyānilayānām: of the residents of Ayodhya
• Type: Noun
• Root: ayodhyā-nilaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana; तत्पुरुष: ayodhyāyāṃ nilayaḥ (dwelling in Ayodhya)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• hi: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (particle) giving emphasis/causal nuance
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)

• puruṣāṇām: of the men
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive dependent on priyaḥ)

• mahāyaśāḥ: the illustrious one
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-yaśas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: mahad yaśaḥ yasya (very illustrious)
• Role: Karta (कर्ता; subject of babhūva)
• Compound: Karmadharaya

• babhūva: became
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु; भू)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)

• guṇasampannaḥ: endowed with virtues
• Type: Adjective
• Root: guṇa-sampanna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; sam-√pad पद् + kta)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; तत्पुरुष: guṇaiḥ sampannaḥ (endowed with virtues)
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of mahāyaśāḥ)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• pūrṇacandraḥ: the full moon
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūrṇa-candra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; upamāna in simile; karmadhāraya: pūrṇaḥ candraḥ
• Role: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Compound: Karmadharaya

• iva: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-vācaka (simile particle)
• Role: Upamādyotaka (उपमाद्योतक)

• priyaḥ: dear
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicative adjective
• Role: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण/subject complement)

Sandhi Notes

• ayodhyānilayānām is a compound

Context

The illustrious and virtuous Rama was as dear to the inhabitants of Ayodhya as thefull Moon.

The teaching

Virtue makes leadership naturally beloved—like the full moon, it cools and steadies the hearts of the people.

Ethical theme

Sadguṇa / ideal rulership

Devotion and practice

Meditative visualization of Rama as ‘pūrṇa-candra’ supports śānta-bhāva and steadiness of mind.

Deity praised

Rama

Form of praise

Stuti (a hymn of praise)

Mood and themes

Rasa

Shringara (love), with Shanta (peace)

Mood

Luminous, affectionate, serene

Themes

• Dharma
• Ideal kingship
• Public affection
• Virtue ethics
• Itihasa

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Ayodhya
• full moon (pūrṇacandra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Public love is portrayed as the fruit of sustained virtue: dharma-based character naturally earns trust and affection from society.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator describes Rama’s standing among Ayodhya’s people to frame why the city grieves and follows him during the exile episode.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

All-rounded excellence (guṇasampat): a completeness of virtues that makes Rama socially and morally luminous.