Atharva Veda 2.20.4: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 20, Mantra 4

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

वायो॒ यत् ते॑ शो॒चिस्तेन॒ तं प्रति॑ शोच॒ यो॒३स्मान् द्वेष्टि॒ यं व॒यं द्वि॒ष्मः

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 2.20.4

IAST Transliteration

vā́yo yát te śóciḥ téna táṃ práti śoca yó ’smā́n dvéṣṭi yáṃ vayáṃ dvíṣmaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

O Vāyu, with that flame of thine, scorch him in requital—who hateth us, whom we ourselves do hate.

Translation

O Waju, tym twoim płomieniem spal go w odpłacie - tego, który nas nienawidzi, tego, którego my sami nienawidzimy.

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Word by Word

• वायो: O Vāyu (Wind-god)
• वायो: सम्बोधन (address; outside kāraka)
• Type: Noun (address)
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: whatever; that which
• यत्: कर्म (of implied verb ‘use/turn’ with ‘तेन’) / correlates with ‘तत्’ understood
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of you; your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शोचिः: glow, flame, heat
• शोचिः: कर्म/विषय (that ‘glow/heat’ as the means referred to by ‘तेन’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोचिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तेन: with that; by that
• तेन: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him; that person
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रति: towards; against
• प्रति: दिशा/प्रत्यवस्थान (adverbial: ‘towards/against’)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/adverb)
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• शोच: burn; scorch
• शोच: क्रिया (addressed action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच् (धातु)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• द्वेष्टि: hates
• द्वेष्टि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्विष् (धातु)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: कर्म (of ‘द्विष्मः’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• द्विष्मः: hate
• द्विष्मः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्विष् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (as typical for abhicāra and enemy-repelling material; specific r̥ṣi attribution depends on the Anukramaṇī for AV 2.20).

Devata: Vāyu (as bearer of tejas/śóciḥ used for punitive reversal).

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (to be confirmed against pada count in the recension’s metrical analysis).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: raudra

Secondary: adbhuta