Varaha Purana 4.34: Adhyaya 4, Shloka 34

On Nārāyaṇa’s Ten Avatāras and Eightfold Manifestations, and the Account of King Aśvaśirā

Pūrva Bhāga · Pr̥thivī-uddhāra and Vaiṣṇava Theological Discourse

Devanagari script

सर्वज्ञस्य गुणा ह्येते ये राजंस्तव दर्शिताः । स च नारायणो देवः सर्वज्ञः कामरूपवान् ॥ ४.३४ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 4.34

Transliteration

sarvajñasya guṇā hy ete ye rājan tava darśitāḥ | sa ca nārāyaṇo devaḥ sarvajñaḥ kāmarūpavān || 4.34 ||

ITRANS transliteration

Translation

Wahai Raja, inilah benar-benar sifat-sifat Yang Maha Mengetahui yang telah engkau nyatakan. Dan dewa itu ialah Nārāyaṇa—Maha Mengetahui serta berkuasa mengambil rupa menurut kehendak-Nya.

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Word by Word

• सर्वज्ञस्य: of the omniscient one
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Root: सर्वज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• गुणाः: qualities
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: निश्चयार्थक/हेतुवाचक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
• Role: Sambandha/Upapada (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Root: हि (अव्यय)

• एते: these
• Type: Adjective
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (agreeing with गुणाः)
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: which
• Type: Adjective
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative)
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन
• Role: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तव: to you / of you
• Type: Noun
• Form: षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दर्शिताः: were shown
• Type: Verb
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; कर्मणि-भूतकृदन्त — ‘shown’ (agreeing with गुणाः)
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Root: दर्शित (√दृश्-धातु, णिच् + क्त; कृदन्त)

• सः: he
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
• Role: Sambandha/Upapada (सम्बन्ध/उपपद)
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• नारायणः: Nārāyaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
• Role: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Root: नारायण (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवः: god
• Type: Noun
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
• Role: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सर्वज्ञः: omniscient
• Type: Adjective
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (agreeing with सः/नारायणः)
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Root: सर्वज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• काम-रूपवान्: able to assume any form at will
• Type: Adjective
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (कामस्य रूपम्) + वत्-प्रत्यय — ‘possessing forms at will’
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक) + वत्/वान् (प्रत्यय)

Sandhi Notes

• ह्येते = हि एते
• राजंस्तव = राजन् तव

Speaker and setting

Shanta and Adbhuta rasa

Speaker

Varāha

The teaching

Kind of teaching

Theology (īśvara-lakṣaṇa)

Subjects

TheologyPhilosophical AttributesKingship Discourse

Cross references

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It illustrates a common Purāṇic mode of theological characterization, presenting Nārāyaṇa through a concise list of defining attributes (omniscience and voluntary embodiment), framed within a courtly address (“O king”), reflecting the text’s integration of didactic discourse with royal/ethical listening contexts.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is explicitly named in this verse; the focus is doctrinal (attributes of Nārāyaṇa) rather than sacred geography.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse primarily conveys a philosophical instruction: to recognize and correctly attribute qualities such as omniscience and self-determined manifestation to the central deity (Nārāyaṇa), reinforcing careful discernment in doctrinal description rather than prescribing a direct moral rule.