Varaha Purana 2.15: Adhyaya 2, Shloka 15

Cosmogony and the Ninefold Creation: Rudra’s Origin and the Prelude to the Sāvitrī-Veda Narrative

Devanagari script

यो रुदन् वारितस्तेन ब्रह्मणाऽव्यक्तमूर्त्तिना । ब्रवीति नाम मे देहि तस्य रुद्रेति सो ददौ ॥ २.१५ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 2.15

Transliteration

yo rudan vāritas tena brahmaṇā'vyaktamūrtinā | bravīti nāma me dehi tasya rudreti so dadau || 2.15 ||

Translation

Ketika dia menangis, dia ditahan oleh Brahmā yang berwujud tidak termanifest. Dia berkata, “Berikanlah aku suatu nama.” Maka Brahmā pun menganugerahkan kepadanya nama “Rudra”.

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Word by Word

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Relative pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• rudan: crying
• rudan: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: rud (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vāritaḥ: restrained
• vāritaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛ (धातु) + ṇic? (causative sense) / vāray (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘restrained/checked’

• tena: by him
• tena: Karana (करण/Agent-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• brahmaṇā: by Brahmā
• brahmaṇā: Karana (करण/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• avyaktamūrtinā: by (Brahmā) of unmanifest form
• avyaktamūrtinā: Karana (करण/Qualifier of agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-vyakta + mūrti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; बहुव्रीहि: ‘whose form is unmanifest’; qualifying brahmaṇā

• bravīti: says
• bravīti: Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Lat (लट्, Present), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• nāma: name
• nāma: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; used as object of ‘give’

• me: to me
• me: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular (enclitic)

• dehi: give
• dehi: Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्, Imperative), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular, Parasmaipada

• tasya: of him; to him (contextual)
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• rudra: ‘Rudra’
• rudra: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; as quoted name (इति with नाम)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle (इति-निपात)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, Perfect), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Sanskrit Etymology
• Cosmogony

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a common Purāṇic naming motif where a deity’s epithet is linked to an action or condition (here, rudan “crying” → Rudra), reflecting early Sanskrit etymologizing practices in mythic genealogies.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is named in this verse; the content is primarily theonymic (name-giving) within a cosmogonic narrative frame.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

No explicit ethical injunction is stated; the verse functions as an explanatory narrative about naming and origin within the cosmological account.