Rig Veda 9.96.22: Mandala 9, Sukta 96, Mantra 22

Sukta 9.96

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (linked with Sāman/chant)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रास्य धारा बृहतीरसृग्रन्नक्तो गोभिः कलशाँ आ विवेश । साम कृण्वन्त्सामन्यो विपश्चित्क्रन्दन्नेत्यभि सख्युर्न जामिम् ॥

Transliteration

prā́sya dhā́rā bṛhatī́r asṛgran aktó góbhih kalaśā́m̐ ā́ viveśa | sā́ma kṛṇvā́nt sāmanyó vipaścit krándann ety abhí sakhyúr ná jāmím ||

Translation

Dari dirinya mengalir deras aliran-aliran yang agung; disapukan dengan Sinar-sinar ia memasuki tempayan-tempayan. Menggubah nyanyian—penguasa keharmonian, sang pelihat yang bijaksana—dengan laungan nyaring ia menuju kaum kerabatnya, seperti menuju seorang sahabat.

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Word by Word

• प्रास्य: he/it cast forth, sent out
• प्रास्य: Kriyā (main verb) / Kartṛ relates to implied Soma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + √अस् (अस्यति) / alternatively √अस् (क्षेपणे) with प्र-

• धाराः: streams, flows
• धाराः: Kartā (of ‘flow/are sent’) / subject of the action
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारा (from √धृ ‘to hold/flow’, stream)

• बृहतीः: great, lofty
• बृहतीः: Viśeṣaṇa of धाराः
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहती (from √बृह् ‘to be great’)

• असृग्रन्: they streamed forth / were let loose
• असृग्रन्: Kriyā (with धाराः as kartā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृज् (सृजति) ‘to let go, send forth’

• नक्तः: at night
• नक्तः: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Noun (temporal) / Adverbial use
• Root: नक्त (night)

• गोभिः: with cows / with milk
• गोभिः: Karaṇa (means/with)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (cow; also ‘milk’)

• कलशान्: the jars, vessels
• कलशान्: Karma (goal/object of entering)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलश (vessel, jar)

• आ: into, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (preverb) / indeclinable

• विवेश: entered
• विवेश: Kriyā (main verb of 2nd hemistich); Kartṛ implied Soma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √विश् (वेवेश/विवेश) ‘to enter’

• साम: a sāman-chant
• साम: Karma (what is made/performed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन् (Sāman; chant)

• कृण्वन्त्सामन्यः: the sāman-singer making/performing the chant
• कृण्वन्त्सामन्यः: Kartā (the chanter who acts)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle) + Noun/Adj
• Root: √कृ (कृणोति) + present participle; सामन्य (sāman-singer/chanter; prātipadika)

• विपश्चित्: the wise, discerning
• विपश्चित्: Viśeṣaṇa of (implied) agent, esp. the singer/Soma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: विपश्चित् (वि + √पश् ‘to see’ → ‘clear-seeing, wise’)

• क्रन्दन्: crying out, resounding
• क्रन्दन्: Kartā (concomitant action of the mover/enterer)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle)
• Root: √क्रन्द् (क्रन्दति) ‘to cry out, resound’

• एति: goes
• एति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (एति) ‘to go’

• अभि: towards
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (preverb/indeclinable)

• सख्युः: of (his) friend
• सख्युः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (relation: ‘of the friend’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (friend)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle of comparison)

• जामिम्: a kinsman, close relation
• जामिम्: Karma / upamā-object in comparison
• Type: Noun
• Root: जामि (kinsman, one of the same family; intimate)