Rig Veda 8.4.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 20

Sukta 8.4

Rishi: Kaṇva lineage (self-referential: kāṇvasya; ṛṣiḥ as speaker)

Devata: Implicit—focus on the seer’s inspired action and the emergence of the cows (light); compatible with Pūṣan/solar guidance context

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

धीभिः सातानि काण्वस्य वाजिनः प्रियमेधैरभिद्युभिः । षष्टिं सहस्रानु निर्मजामजे निर्यूथानि गवामृषिः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.4.20

Transliteration

dhībhíḥ sātā́ni kāṇvásya vājínaḥ priyá-medhair abhídyu-bhiḥ | ṣaṣṭíṃ sahásrā́nu nír-majāmaje nír yūthā́ni gávām ṛ́ṣiḥ ||

Translation

Dengan ilham fikiran; dengan perolehan Kaṇva; oleh yang perkasa—oleh daya-daya yang berhati mulia dan penakluk langit—kami mengeluarkan, menurut tertibnya, enam puluh ribu; sang ṛṣi menzahirkan kawanan-kawanan sinar (gāvaḥ) dari persembunyian.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• धीभिः: with thoughts / with hymns (instruments of praise)
• धीभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (प्रातिपदिक) < धा/धी ‘बुद्धि, धारण-शक्ति’

• सातानि: hundreds
• सातानि: कर्म
• Type: Noun (numeral)
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक) ‘hundred’

• काण्वस्य: of Kāṇva
• काण्वस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun (patronymic/tribal name)
• Root: काण्व (प्रातिपदिक) ‘of the Kāṇva (lineage/poet)’

• वाजिनः: of the prize-winning one / of the steed
• वाजिनः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘prize-winner; steed; vigorous one’

• प्रियमेधैः: with the Priyamedhas (poets)
• प्रियमेधैः: करण
• Type: Noun (proper/collective)
• Root: प्रियमेध (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Priyamedha (name of seers/poets)’

• अभिद्युभिः: with assailants / with overpowering (helpers)
• अभिद्युभिः: करण
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अभिद्यु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘assailing/overpowering; attacking’

• षष्टिम्: sixty
• षष्टिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (numeral)
• Root: षष्टि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sixty’

• सहस्राणि: thousands
• सहस्राणि: कर्म
• Type: Noun (numeral)
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘thousand’

• अनु: along; after; in succession
• अनु: उपसर्ग/क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• निर्मजामहे: we cleanse/purify (lit. we wash out)
• निर्मजामहे: क्रिया (कर्तृ-व्यापार) / कर्ता: ‘वयम्’
• Type: Verb
• Root: मज् (धातु) ‘to plunge, immerse, bathe’ + उपसर्ग: निर्

• निर्यूथानि: the herds (in droves)
• निर्यूथानि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्यूथ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘herd, drove (esp. of cattle)’

• गवाम्: of cows
• गवाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक) ‘cow’

• ऋषिः: the seer
• ऋषिः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘seer’