Rig Veda 8.24.1: Mandala 8, Sukta 24, Mantra 1

Sukta 8.24

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; requires pada-length verification against a metrical index)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सखाय आ शिषामहि ब्रह्मेन्द्राय वज्रिणे । स्तुष ऊ षु वो नृतमाय धृष्णवे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.24.1

Transliteration

sakhā́ya ā́ śíṣāmahi bráhmendrā́ya vajríṇe | stuṣá ū ṣú vo nṛ́tamāya dhṛ́ṣṇave ||

Translation

Wahai sahabat-sahabat dalam perjalanan batin, marilah kita menggerakkan Sabda ilham (brahman) bagi Indra, pemegang vajra. Ya, sesungguhnya, aku meneguhkan dan memujinya untuk kamu—Indra, yang paling sempurna dalam keperwiraan, daya berani yang mengatasi.

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Word by Word

• सखायः: companions, friends
• सखायः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि- (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *sekw- ‘follow, accompany’

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• शिषामहि: we instruct/teach (we would train)
• शिषामहि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शास् (शिष्) ‘to instruct, to discipline; to teach’

• ब्रह्म: a hymn, sacred utterance
• ब्रह्म: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्- (नपुंसक) ‘sacred formulation, hymn; prayer’

• इन्द्राय: for Indra
• इन्द्राय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र- (देवनाम)

• वज्रिणे: for the thunderbolt-bearer
• वज्रिणे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: वज्रिन्- ‘having the vajra (thunderbolt)’

• स्तुषे: I praise
• स्तुषे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्तु ‘to praise’

• उ: indeed, surely
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• षु: now, straightway
• षु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: षु (निपात)

• वः: of you, your
• वः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)

• नृतमाय: for the most heroic (one)
• नृतमाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: नृतम- (superlative-like ‘most manly/most heroic’ from नर-)

• धृष्णवे: for the bold/impetuous (one)
• धृष्णवे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: धृष्णु- ‘bold, daring, impetuous’