Rig Veda 6.72.5: Mandala 6, Sukta 72, Mantra 5
Sukta 6.72
- Rishi
- Bharadvāja Bārhaspatya
- Devata
- Indra and Soma
- Chandas
- Triṣṭubh
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism) and Adbhuta (wonder)
इन्द्रासोमा युवमङ्ग तरुत्रमपत्यसाचं श्रुत्यं रराथे । युवं शुष्मं नर्यं चर्षणिभ्यः सं विव्यथुः पृतनाषाहमुग्रा ॥
indrā́somā yuvám aṅgá tarútram apatya-sā́caṃ śrútyaṃ rarāthe | yuváṃ śúṣmaṃ náryaṃ carṣaṇí-bhyaḥ sáṃ vivyathuḥ pṛtanā-sā́ham ugrā́ ||
Wahai Indra dan Soma, kamu berdua sesungguhnya mengurniakan daya penyelamat, peraih zuriat, yang layak didengar. Kamu menghimpun dan membentangkan bagi kaum-kaum tenaga keperwiraan, kekuatan penakluk pertempuran—wahai yang gagah perkasa.
Word by Word
- इन्द्रासोमा
- O Indra and SomaNounपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, द्विवचनRole सम्बोधन (आह्वान)Root इन्द्र + सोम (प्रातिपदिक) (द्वन्द्व-समास) → इन्द्रासोम
- युवम्
- you twoPronounउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, द्विवचनRole कर्तृRoot युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- अङ्ग
- indeed / prayIndeclinableनिपात (सम्बोधन/प्रोत्साहनार्थ)Root अङ्ग (निपात)
- तरुत्रम्
- the rescuing/protecting (aid)Adjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (विशेषणरूपेण)Role कर्म (रराथे इत्यस्य)Root तरुत्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘रक्षक/उद्धारक’)
- अपत्यसाचम्
- winning offspring / granting progenyAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (श्रुत्यम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Role कर्म (रराथे इत्यस्य)Root अपत्यसाच (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सन्तान/अपत्य-प्राप्ति कराने वाला’)
- श्रुत्यम्
- renowned / worthy of hearingAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (रराथे इत्यस्य)Root श्रुत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘श्रवणीय/प्रसिद्ध’)
- रराथे
- you two have bestowed / grantedVerbलिट् (परिपूर्ण/परफेक्ट), मध्यमपुरुष, द्विवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √रा (रा/राति ‘देना, प्रदान करना’; परस्मैपद)
- युवम्
- you twoPronounप्रथमा, द्विवचनRole कर्तृRoot युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- शुष्मम्
- might / vigorNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole कर्म (वि-व्यथुः इत्यस्य)Root शुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
- नर्यम्
- manly / heroicAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (शुष्मम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Role कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)Root नर्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘नर-सम्बन्धी/वीर्ययुक्त’)
- चर्षणिभ्यः
- to the peoples / tribesNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, बहुवचनRole सम्प्रदानRoot चर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘जन/मनुष्य-समूह’)
- सम्
- together / completelyIndeclinableउपसर्ग (सम्यक्/समवायार्थ)Root सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
- विव्यथुः
- you two have set in motion / have stirredVerbलिट् (परफेक्ट), मध्यमपुरुष, द्विवचन, परस्मैपदRole क्रियाRoot √व्यथ् (कम्पने/उद्वेगे) + वि- (उपसर्ग)
- पृतनाषाहम्
- battle-conqueringAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (शुष्मम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Role कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)Root पृतना + साह (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष ‘युद्ध-जय’)
- उग्रा
- fierce / mightyAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (शुष्मम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; वैदिके -आ अन्तः)Role कर्म (विशेषणत्वेन)Root उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेदः: इन्द्रासोमा | युवम् | अङ्ग | तरुत्रम् | अपत्यसाचम् | श्रुत्यम् | रराथे || युवम् | शुष्मम् | नर्यम् | चर्षणिभ्यः | सम् | विव्यथुः | पृतनाषाहम् | उग्रा । 1) इन्द्रा॑सोमा = इन्द्र + सोम (द्वन्द्व), सम्बोधन-द्विवचन। 2) तरु॑त्रमपत्य॒साचं॒ श्रुत्यं॑ = तरुत्रम् + अपत्यसाचम् + श्रुत्यम् (त्रयः कर्मपदानि/विशेषणानि ‘(धनम्/सहायम्)’ इत्यनुक्तं कर्म सूचयन्ति)। 3) सं वि॑व्यथुः = सम् + वि- + विव्यथुः (उपसर्गसमासः क्रियायाम्)। 4) उग्रा (वैदिक-प्रयोगः) = उग्र (द्वितीया-एकवचन, -आ अन्तः) शुष्मम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्।
The meaning
Outer meaning
Indra and Soma grant a rescuing strength that wins the future and is worthy to be heard; they spread for the peoples the manly force, the battle-conquering might, O mighty ones.
Inner meaning
Indra–Soma bestow tarutram: a saving power that carries the seeker across difficulty—psychologically, the capacity to pass beyond crisis without shrinking. apatyasācam (‘winning offspring/future’) becomes the power to generate the next stage of consciousness: the ‘child’ is the future self born of the sacrifice. śrutyaṃ indicates a force that answers to true hearing—inner receptivity to the higher call. They ‘spread’ (saṃ vivyathuḥ) narya śuṣma: the heroic energy of soul and mind into the collectivity of our nature (carṣaṇibhyaḥ), making it pṛtanāṣāham—able to conquer inner battles against resistance and inertia.
Universal truth
Spiritual progress needs both illumination and delight: together they create a rescuing strength that not only survives trials but generates a new future and distributes courage through all parts of life.
Themes
protection, victory, heroic strength, spiritual progeny (fruit)
The seer
- Rishi
- Bharadvāja Bārhaspatya
- Lineage
- Bharadvāja
- Other hymns
- RV 6.72.1-6, RV 6.73.1-3, RV 6.74.1-4
Family tradition
A Bharadvāja emphasis on ‘hearing’ and ‘word-power’ allied to Indra’s victory and Soma’s ecstasy—mantra as a practical force for inner battles.
Significance
The seer’s stress here is not mere victory but generativity—winning the ‘future child’ of consciousness—aligning with Aurobindo’s evolutionary reading of Vedic symbolism.
The deity
- Devata
- Indra and Soma
- Epithets
- Ugrā (mighty), Pṛtanāṣāha (battle-conqueror, chiefly Indra), Sutapā (Soma as well-pressed/strong essence, implied)
- Related deities
- Agni, Maruts, Bṛhaspati, Sarasvatī
Cosmic role
They empower the sacrificer: Indra supplies victorious force; Soma supplies inspiriting delight that sustains effort and makes it fruitful.
Inner power
Combined clarity-and-bliss becomes courage, endurance, and creative future-birth in the sadhana.
In ritual
Where it is used
Indra–Soma invocation in Soma rites; verses used to support victory, protection, and increase.
इन्द्रा॑सोमा यु॒वम॒ङ्ग तरु॑त्रमपत्य॒साचं॒ श्रुत्यं॑ रराथे । यु॒वं शुष्मं॒ नर्यं॑ चर्ष॒णिभ्य॒: सं वि॑व्यथुः पृतना॒षाह॑मुग्रा ॥
इन्द्रा॑सोमा । यु॒वम् । अ॒ङ्ग । तरु॑त्रम् । अ॒प॒त्य॒ऽसाच॑म् । श्रुत्य॑म् । र॒रा॒थे॒ इति॑ । यु॒वम् । शुष्म॑म् । नर्य॑म् । च॒र्ष॒णिऽभ्यः॑ । सम् । वि॒व्य॒थुः॒ । पृ॒त॒ना॒ऽसह॑म् । उ॒ग्रा॒ ॥
indrāsomā | yuvam | aṅga | tarutram | apatya-sācam | śrutyam | rarātheiti | yuvam | śuṣmam | naryam | carṣaṇi-bhyaḥ | sam | vivyathuḥ | pṛtanāsaham | ugrā
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4 × ~11 syllables
Martial and expansive; the cadence naturally supports ‘spreading out’ of force (vivyathuḥ).
Energizes resolve; helpful before challenging work/discipline, giving a felt sense of protection and forward momentum.
- तरुत्रम् (tarutram)
- Literal: saving, rescuing, overcoming. Symbolic: power to cross inner difficulty; grace-in-force
- अपत्यसाचम् (apatyasācam)
- Literal: winning offspring/future. Symbolic: capacity to birth the next consciousness; evolutionary becoming
- श्रुत्यम् (śrutyam)
- Literal: to be heard, worthy of hearing. Symbolic: responds to inner listening; mantra-force that awakens receptivity
- शुष्मम् (śuṣmam)
- Literal: strength, ardour, might. Symbolic: dynamic tapas-energy for transformation
- नर्यम् (naryam)
- Literal: manly/heroic. Symbolic: psychic courage; soul-force in action
- चर्षणिभ्यः (carṣaṇibhyaḥ)
- Literal: to the peoples. Symbolic: to all faculties/parts of the being; also to the collective nature
- पृतनाषाहम् (pṛtanāṣāham)
- Literal: battle-conquering. Symbolic: victorious over inner conflict and hostile formations
- उग्रा (ugrā)
- Literal: mighty, formidable. Symbolic: irresistible divine intensity breaking resistance
Victory and protection in Soma rites; invoked for strength, deliverance, and successful continuation (progeny/fruit) of the sacrificer’s work.
During pressing/offerings where Indra’s might and Soma’s exhilaration are invoked for overcoming obstacles.
Recitation with Soma libation; invoking strength (śuṣma) and victory (pṛtanāṣāham).
Chant as a ‘crossing mantra’ during transitions (new job, recovery, major decision): cultivate inner listening (śrutya) and courageous action (narya śuṣma).
Key terms: tarutrá- from √tṛ 'cross over, rescue' → inner saving force enabling passage beyond limitation. śuṣma- 'impetuous might' (often Indraic) → energetic force. narya- from nṛ 'man' → the heroic soul-force. pṛtanā-saha- 'battle-enduring/conquering' → capacity to withstand inner assaults (ignorance, inertia). apatya- 'offspring' → psychologically the continuity/fruit of the work, future formations of the soul.
deliverance (tṛ as crossing), continuity of becoming (apatya), heroic soul-force (narya)
The ‘future-winning’ force aligns the seeker with ṛta’s evolutionary push.
śrutya suggests truth recognized by inner hearing; authentic guidance rather than impulse.
Birth of the ‘offspring’—new formation of consciousness created by divine powers.
Integral/psychological Vedism: transformation through illumined will plus blissful support.
Crossing = passing beyond a limiting state; battle = inner conflict with resistance; spreading = permeation of all faculties with tapas-courage.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The granting of 'crossing/rescue power' (tarutram) and battle-conquering strength. The mythic battle is inward: forces of resistance attack the growth of the soul; Indra-Soma provide the might that both saves (tṛ) and secures the future fruit (apatya) of the work.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √tṛ 'cross' belongs to a widespread IE semantic field of passage and overcoming (crossing waters/obstacles). The compound pṛtanā-saha reflects an inherited heroic compound style (determinative compounds expressing capability), common in early Indo-European poetics.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The rishi’s stance is aspirational and communal: the gods’ gifts are for 'the peoples' (carṣaṇi-bhyaḥ), i.e., the embodied human field. He seeks not only personal victory but a stable, transmissible gain—strength that protects and a 'progeny' of realized states continuing the sacrifice in time.
Invoke ‘rescuing strength’ for a specific inner difficulty; feel a calm joy behind the effort.
Maṇipūra (heroic force/tapas) supported by Ājñā (clear direction)
4-4-6 breathing: inhale 4 (receive Soma calm), hold 4 (gather Indra force), exhale 6 (release fear/obstruction).
From anxious striving to courageous, guided action with a subtle delight.
Before action: chant 3 or 9 times; then act immediately on one clear step—train the link between śrutya (inner hearing) and narya (heroic execution).
Maintain Vedic accents as marked; keep udātta lifts especially on इन्द्रा॑सोमा and key verbs (रराथे, विव्यथुः).
Let the first pāda be slightly more declarative; emphasize the cadence on पृतनाषाहम् उग्रा as a concluding surge.
tarutram: clear dental t and rolled/trilled r (ta-ru-tram), apatyasācam: keep long ā in sā-, śuṣmam: pronounce ṣu with retroflex ṣ, carṣaṇibhyaḥ: keep ṇi and bhyaḥ clean, no extra vowel insertion
Firm, rallying, chest-supported; avoid shouting—aim for ‘steady power’.
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