Rig Veda 5.48.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 48, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.48

Devata: Unclear in isolation; verse imagery suggests a cosmic formative power spreading waters in the cloud (often linked in RV diction to Parjanya/Indra’s rain-action or to a goddess-like māyā-power).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कदु प्रियाय धाम्ने मनामहे स्वक्षत्राय स्वयशसे महे वयम् । आमेन्यस्य रजसो यदभ्र आँ अपो वृणाना वितनोति मायिनी ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.48.1

Transliteration

kádu priyā́ya dhā́mne manāmahe svákṣatrāya sváyaśase mahé vayám | āmenyásya rájaso yád abhrá ā́ṃ apó vṛṇānā́ vitanóti māyínī ||

Translation

Bilakah sesungguhnya kami menghalakan fikiran kepada kediaman yang tercinta milik Yang Mahabesar—yang mempunyai kedaulatan dan kemuliaannya sendiri? Tatkala Sang Penenun yang perkasa, menghimpun air di dalam awan, membentangkan keluasan alam dengan daya pembentuknya (māyā).

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Word by Word

• कदु: when? indeed
• कदु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदु (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) / कदा (प्रश्नार्थ)

• प्रियाय: for the dear (one/thing)
• प्रियाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)

• धाम्ने: for (his) abode/splendour
• धाम्ने: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मनामहे: we think/ponder; we revere
• मनामहे: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मन् (मनुते) / √मन् (to think, to honour)

• स्वक्षत्राय: for the one of good dominion/power
• स्वक्षत्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: स्व-क्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष)

• स्वयशसे: for the one of good fame
• स्वयशसे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: स्व-यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• महे: for the great (one)
• महे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: मह्/महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आमेन्यस्य: of the wondrous/approachable one
• आमेन्यस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आमेन्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘to be approached/desired’ sense, Vedic)

• रजसः: of the space/region (mid-air)
• रजसः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: which/that
• यत्: Karma (of implied verb ‘is/exists’ or as object of ‘knows/does’ in sense)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभ्रः: cloud
• अभ्रः: Kartā (of implied ‘is/comes’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• आन्: towards, hither (intensifier)
• आन्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (particle/preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) + √अन्/√अ (गत्यर्थ; here as preverbial particle in RV)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृणाना: choosing/taking
• वृणाना: Kartā (with वितनोति)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते ‘to choose, to take’)

• वितनोति: spreads out, extends
• वितनोति: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + √तन् (तनुते/तनोति ‘to stretch, spread’)

• मायिनी: the wondrous/possessing māyā (magic power)
• मायिनी: Kartā (apposition to वृणाना)
• Type: Adjective (f.)
• Root: मायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)