Rig Veda 5.42.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 42, Mantra 5

Sukta 5.42

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) — traditional attribution for RV 5.42

Devata: Multi-devatā (invocation of Bhaga, Savitṛ, Indra; allied powers Ṛbhukṣan/Vāja/Puraṃdhi)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas) — typical for RV 5.42 verses

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

देवो भगः सविता रायो अंश इन्द्रो वृत्रस्य संजितो धनानाम् । ऋभुक्षा वाज उत वा पुरंधिरवन्तु नो अमृतासस्तुरासः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.42.5

Transliteration

devó bhágaḥ savitā rāyó áṃśa índro vṛtrásya saṃjító dhánānām | ṛbhukṣā́ vājá utá vā púraṃdhir ávantu no amṛ́tāsas turā́saḥ ||

Translation

Semoga Dewa Bhaga yang bercahaya, Savitṛ sang Penggerak, bahagian (aṃśa) daripada kelimpahan raya kami; dan Indra, penakluk Vṛtra si Penutup, memenangi untuk kami dhana—kekayaan yang sejati. Semoga Ṛbhukṣan dan Vāja, dan juga Purandhi—kecerdasan yang melihat benar—para Yang Abadi lagi pantas, memelihara dan melindungi kami.

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Word by Word

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• भगः: Bhaga (the distributor of fortune)
• भगः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: भग (प्रातिपदिक)

• सविता: Savitar
• सविता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रयि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अंशः: portion; share
• अंशः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंश (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृत्रस्य: of Vṛtra
• वृत्रस्य: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• संजीतः: victorious (having conquered)
• संजीतः: Kartā (as epithet of Indra)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + जि (धातु) → संजीत (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त)

• धनानाम्: of treasures; of riches
• धनानाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋभुक्षाः: the Rbhukṣas (Rbhus)
• ऋभुक्षाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभुक्षन्/ऋभुक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक देव-नाम)

• वाजः: Vāja (Prize/Strength; a deity/name)
• वाजः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• वा: or; indeed
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• पुरंधिः: Purandhi (Abundance/Plenty)
• पुरंधिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरंधि (प्रातिपदिक; देवी-नाम)

• अवन्तु: may they protect
• अवन्तु: (main verb) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् (धातु) ‘रक्षणे/पालने’

• नः: us; for us
• नः: Karma (object: us)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अमृतासः: immortal ones
• अमृतासः: Kartā (as epithet of the invoked deities)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• तुरासः: swift; impetuous; strong
• तुरासः: Kartā (co-epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift/overpowering’)