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Rig Veda 4.45.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 45, Mantra 5

Sukta 4.45

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 4)
Devata: Aśvinau (invoked; with Agni/Soma imagery as supporting powers)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 4.45; verify against pada-count in critical edition)

स्वध्वरासो मधुमन्तो अग्नय उस्रा जरन्ते प्रति वस्तोरश्विना । यन्निक्तहस्तस्तरणिर्विचक्षणः सोमं सुषाव मधुमन्तमद्रिभिः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.45.5

svadhvarā́so mádhumanto agnáya usrā́ jarante práti vástoḥ aśvínā | yán níkta-hastas taraṇír vi-cakṣaṇáḥ sómam suṣā́va mádhumantam ádri-bhiḥ ||

Wahai Aśvin, pada tibanya fajar, api-api yang tersusun rapi, kaya manisnya kenikmatan, terjaga dan menyala menghadap Siang. Kerana pada saat itu kuasa yang pantas dan tajam pandang, dengan tangan yang mahir untuk kerja, memerah Soma yang bermadu dengan batu-batu pemeras—menyuling nektar batin bagi perjalanan.

स्वध्वरासःwell-performing (faultless) in sacrifice
स्वध्वरासः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-ध्वर (प्रातिपदिक) < ध्वर (यज्ञ/अध्वर)
मधुमन्तःhoneyed, sweet, rich in soma
मधुमन्तः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुमन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < मधु
अग्नयःthe fires (Agni-fires)
अग्नयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
उस्राःruddy/bright (at dawn), shining
उस्राः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootउस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
जरन्तेthey awaken/are active; they glow
जरन्ते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजॄ (धातु) [जर्-]
प्रतिtowards, in response to
प्रति:
(दिशा/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वस्तोर्of the dawn/daybreak (lit. of the dwelling/time)
वस्तोर्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवस्तु/वस्तर् (प्रातिपदिक) < वस् (धातु) ‘वास/निवास’
अश्विनाO Aśvins (dual gods)
अश्विना:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
(सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable/Pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
निक्तहस्तःwith hands anointed/smeared
निक्तहस्तः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootनिक्त-हस्त (कृदन्त/समास) < नि+अञ्ज्/निञ्ज् ‘to smear/anoint’ → निक्त (PPP) + हस्त
तरणिःthe overcomer, swift one
तरणिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootतरणि (प्रातिपदिक) < तॄ (धातु) ‘to cross/overcome’
विचक्षणःclear-sighted, discerning
विचक्षणः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-चक्षण (प्रातिपदिक) < चक्ष् (धातु) ‘to see’
सोमम्Soma (the pressed drink)
सोमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
सुषावhe has pressed (well)
सुषाव:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसु+षु (धातु) ‘to press (soma)’
मधुमन्तम्honeyed, sweet
मधुमन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुमन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
अद्रिभिःwith pressing-stones
अद्रिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘stone (pressing-stone)’

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